Isikhokelo se-prediabetes: iimpawu, oonobangela, kunye nonyango

Imfundo yezeMpilo

Phantse umntu omnye kwabathathu baseMelika unesifo seswekile, ngokwe-CDC. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwamatyala aya kungafunyaniswa kwaye anganyangwa. I-Prediabetes xa amanqanaba eswekile yegazi (i-glucose yegazi) yakho ephezulu kunesiqhelo, kodwa ingekabikho phezulu ngokwaneleyo ukuba ichongwe njengeswekile. Iimpawu zesifo seswekile zihlala zingabonakali, kwaye ngaphandle konyango lwe-prediabetes, imithambo yegazi kunye neerves zinokonakala. Oku kunokukhokelela kwisifo sentliziyo kunye nokubetha, kwaye ekugqibeleni, kukhule kube luhlobo lwesibini lweswekile.

Uhlobo lwe-2 yeswekile, inqanaba elilandelayo emva kwesifo seswekile, kuxa umzimba wakho ungenako ukulawula amanqanaba eswekile yegazi ngokuchanekileyo kuba awusenakuvelisa okanye usebenzise ngokufanelekileyo i-hormone insulin. Xa umzimba wakho ungakwazi ukusebenzisa i-insulin ngokufanelekileyo, yaziwa ngokuba kukunganyangeki kwe-insulin. Ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo i-insulin, amanqanaba eglucose egazini anokuphakama ngokuyingozi. Kungenxa yokuba i-insulin yincindi yamadlala enceda iiseli zakho zisebenzise kunye nenkqubo yeglucose.

Izithako zesifo seswekile

Zininzi izinto ezinegalelo kwi-prediabetes, uninzi lwazo ezinxulumene nendlela yokuphila. Umngcipheko Imiba yokuphuhlisa i-prediabetes kunye nokuchasana ne-insulin kubandakanya:

• Ukutyeba kakhulu okanye ukutyeba kakhulu
• Ukungabikho kokuzivocavoca / ukuhlala phantsi
• Ukutya okungafanelekanga
• Ngokukhawuleza amalungu osapho anesifo seswekile
• Ufumana isifo seswekile (isifo seswekile ngexesha lokukhulelwa)
• Ungumfazi onaye isifo se-ovary polycystic (PCOS)
• Igazi elonyukayo
• Amanqanaba asezantsi e-cholesterol elungileyo (HDL)
• UngumMerika waseMerika, uMdabu waseMerika, uLatin American okanye isiqithi saseAsia / sePacific
• Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-45 ubudala
• Ukulala ngokuphefumla

Ngaba isifo seswekile?

Ngenxa yokuba isifo seswekile sinzima, izinto ezininzi zihlala zinegalelo ekuphuhliseni isifo. Izinto zokuphila zinokunyusa ngokubonakalayo umngcipheko, nangona kunjalo, imfuza kunye nembali yosapho zidlala indima enkulu kuzo zombini iintlobo zohlobo lwe-1 kunye nohlobo lwesibini lweswekile. Kuphandwe kakuhle ukuba xa usapho Ilungu lesifo seswekile, kunokwenzeka ukuba uphuhle imeko.

Ngaba isifo seswekile sixhaphake kakhulu emadodeni okanye kubafazi?

Izifundo bonisa ukuba uhlobo lweswekile olu-1 luxhaphake kakhulu emadodeni, kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba baludlulisele kwinzala yabo. Nangona kunjalo, nangona ababhinqileyo ngaphambili babebonisa ngakumbi uhlobo lweswekile yesi-2, ngoku ixhaphake ngokulinganayo phakathi kwamadoda nabasetyhini.

Uhlobo lwe-1 yeswekile yimeko yokuzenzekelayo ehlala iqala ebuntwaneni. Ngohlobo lwe-1 yeswekile, umzimba wakho uhlasela i-pancreas ukuze ungabinako ukuvelisa i-insulin. Uhlobo lwe-2 lweswekile luxhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala, kwaye nangona luhlala luthambile kunodidi lokuqala, lusenokubangela iimpembelelo ezinkulu kwezempilo, kubandakanya isifo sezintso okanye ukonakala, isifo sentliziyo, okanye ukubetha. Ngokungafaniyo nohlobo loku-1, ngohlobo lwesibini lweswekile inokuveliswa nge-insulin, kodwa umzimba uyaxhathisa kuyo okanye ayonelanga. Ukuxhathisa kwe-insulin kukhula kwiiseli ezinamafutha, zesibindi kunye nezihlunu, yiyo loo nto kubanda kakhulu uphando Unxibelelwano phakathi kokutyeba kakhulu kunye nohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile.

Iimpawu zesifo seswekile

Esinye sezizathu eziphambili zokuba abantu abaninzi unesifo seswekile esingafunyaniswanga ngenxa yokuba ungahamba iminyaka ngaphandle kokufumana iimpawu ezibonakalayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ihlala ishiyekile ingafunyanwa ide ikhule ibe yingxaki enkulu yezempilo.

Ngesi sizathu, kuhlala kubalulekile ukuba ubuze ugqirha wakho uvavanyo olulula lweswekile ukujonga ukuba une-prediabetes. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi ukuba unazo naziphi na izinto ezinobungozi obuphezulu, njengokutyeba kakhulu, uneminyaka engama-45 okanye ngaphezulu, okanye ukusebenza ngokomzimba ngaphantsi kwamaxesha amathathu ngeveki.

Oko kwathiwa, ezinye iimpawu zokulumkisa kunye neempawu zesifo seswekile ekufuneka zijongiwe zezi:

• Ndiziva ndinxaniwe
• Ukuchama rhoqo
• Umlomo owomileyo
• Indlala emva kokutya
• Ukuphulukana nobunzima obungachazwanga okanye ukuzuza
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Umbono omfiliba

Ukwanda kwezi mpawu kunokuba luphawu lokuba utshintshile ukusuka kwi-prediabetes waya kuhlobo lwe-2 yeswekile.

Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ze-prediabetes, thetha nogqirha wakho oyintloko kwaye ucele uvavanyo lwegazi.

Uvavanyo lwePrediabetes

Kukho uvavanyo lwegazi olwahlukeneyo olunokuthi lusetyenziswe ngugqirha wakho ukumisela ukuba une-prediabetic. Ezi zilandelayo zintathu zezona zixhaphakileyo nezisebenzayo:

1. Ukuzila ukutya kweswekile

Njengoko igama libonisa, olu vavanyo lwenziwa emva kokuba uzilile ukutya ubuncinci iiyure ezisibhozo. Ukulungiselela okulula, oogqirha abaninzi baya kukucebisa ukuba ukhawuleze ubusuku bonke uze nezinto zokuqala kusasa ukuza kuvavanyo lwakho.

Inqanaba leswekile egazini yokuzila ukusuka kwi-100 ukuya kwi-125 mg / dL (5.6 ukuya kwi-7.0 mmol / L) ithathwa njenge-prediabetes, nangona kunjalo, inqanaba leswekile yegazi yokuzila eyi-126 mg / dL (7.0 mmol / L) okanye ngaphezulu ibonisa uhlobo lweswekile yesi-2.

2. Uvavanyo lokunyamezela i-glucose ngomlomo

Ngokuqhelekileyo oogqirha benza olu vavanyo lwegazi lwe-prediabetes ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Njengokuzila ukutya kweswekile yovavanyo, ugqirha uya kuthatha isampulu yegazi emva kokuba isigulana sizile ukutya ubuncinci iiyure ezisibhozo. Emva koko, isigulana siyakutya ulwelo oluneswekile kwaye kuvavanywe amanqanaba eswekile yegazi kwakhona kwiiyure ezimbini.

Kolu vavanyo, inqanaba leswekile yegazi ukusuka kwi-140 ukuya kwi-199 mg / dL (7.8 ukuya kwi-11.0 mmol / L) ithathwa njenge-prediabetes. Nakuphi na okuphezulu kubonisa isifo seswekile.

3. Uvavanyo lwe-hemoglobin (A1C) eglycated

Olunye uvavanyo kumanqanaba eswekile yegazi, uvavanyo lwe-A1C lilinganisela inqanaba leswekile yegazi ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezingamashumi amathandathu ukuya kumashumi alithoba. Ngokuqhelekileyo ayisetyenziswanga kubafazi abakhulelweyo kunye nezigulana ezineendlela ezinqabileyo zehemoglobin njengoko kunokubangela iziphumo zovavanyo ezingachanekanga.

Inqanaba le-A1C phakathi kwe-5.7 kunye ne-6.4 yeepesenti ithathwa njenge-prediabetes. Uvavanyo oluhambelanayo ngaphezulu kweepesenti ze-6.5 lubonisa uhlobo lweswekile yesi-2.

Unyango lwePrediabetes

Kwiindaba ezimnandi kakhulu, nangona i-prediabetes ixhaphakile, inokubuyiselwa umva kwaye ihambe. Ngotshintsho kwindlela yokuphila esempilweni, isigulana esine-prediabetes sinokuthintela okanye silibazise ukukhula kohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile.

Olona nyango lusebenzayo lonyango lwesifo seswekile zezi:

1. Ukunciphisa umzimba

Ngokwesiqhelo, ziiponti ezili-10 ukuya kwi-14 zomntu ophethe iipawundi ezingama-200 ezaneleyo zokufumana izibonelelo ezibalulekileyo.

2.Yandisa umsebenzi womzimba

Ngokutsho kumaziko oLawulo noThintelo lweZifo, imizuzu nje engama-30 ngosuku, iintsuku ezintlanu ngeveki, kwanele ukuba nefuthe kunye nokunciphisa i-prediabetes. Zama ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza ekuseni okanye emva kwemini, uthathe izinyuko yonke imihla, okanye upake ibhloko enye ukuya kwezimbini kude neofisi.

3. Yitya ukutya okusempilweni

Qala ngokunciphisa inani lama-carbohydrate acocekileyo kunye nacutshungulwayo, kwaye ugxininise kwimifuno engeyiyo yesitashi kunye nenyama. Tshintshela kwiiproteni ezisekwe kwizityalo ezifana neembotyi, iilentile kunye namandongomane. Isitshixo kukwenza ifayile ukutya okusempilweni Inxalenye yobomi bakho bemihla ngemihla. I-dietitian ebhalisiweyo inokukunceda ukuba wenze isicwangciso sokutya esithile kwisisindo sakho, i-allergies, kunye nezinye izinto ezithile kwimpilo yakho kunye nemeko.

Kukwaluncedo ukunciphisa inani lotywala obusebenzisayo, kuba oku kunokuba neswekile eninzi kwaye kuphelise namanzi. Ukusela amanzi ngakumbi kunokunceda ukunciphisa umzimba, kwaye lolona khetho lufanelekileyo xa ujika kude neziselo ezineswekile ezinje ngesoda kunye nejusi yeziqhamo.

Ukutshaya kananjalo ukonyusa amathuba okuba nesifo seswekile, ke ugqirha unokucebisa ukuba usike lo mkhwa. Ixesha elilandeleyo emva kokuyeka ukutshaya linokwenza umntu ukuba abe nesifo seswekile, ke ugqirha wakho kuya kufuneka abeke esweni inkqubela yakho kunye nokuphendula kutshintsho lwendlela yokuphila.

Kuphela kuxa umntu ethathwa njengomngcipheko ophezulu kakhulu wokuphuhliswa kwesifo seswekile sesi-2 apho ugqirha aya kuthi amisele amayeza e-prediabetes. Umzekelo ungaba sisigulana esinesalathiso sobunzima bomzimba (BMI) esingaphezulu okanye esilingana ne-35 kg / m2. I-Metformin kuphela kwonyango lwe-American Diabetes Association icebisa Ukusetyenziswa kwe-fir kunyango lwe-prediabetes. Igcina inqanaba leglucose yakho ikuluhlu olukhuselekileyo ngokunqanda isibindi ekuveliseni iswekile eninzi engafunekiyo.

Yintoni ofanele uyenze ukuba unomdla we-prediabetic?

Ukuba ubuye kubona ugqirha wakho, kwaye uvavanyo lwegazi luqinisekisa ukuba une-prediabetic, zininzi iindlela ezilula onokuthi uzithathe ukuyiguqula le meko kwaye uyithintele ekubeni ikhule ibe sisifo seswekile.

Ababoneleli bakho bezempilo baya kukucebisa ngoncedo kunye nesikhokelo, njengotshintsho oluphambili kwindlela ophila ngayo uthathela ingqalelo imbali yezonyango kunye neemeko. Amanyathelo anokucebisa ukuba abandakanye ukusika iswekile egqityiweyo, ukutya imifuno engaphezulu kunye neenkozo ezipheleleyo, kunye nokuthatha uhambo ntsasa nganye.

Ixabiso isixhobo kwizigulana ezininzi ze-prediabetic e-United States yiNkqubo yeSizwe yokuThintela isifo seSwekile (DPP). Ngobambiswano lwabucala noluntu, ijolise ekuthinteleni okanye ekulibazisekiseni uhlobo lweswekile yesi-2 ngokwenza ukuba kube lula kubantu baseMelika ukuba benze utshintsho kwindlela abaphila ngayo.

Ngamanye amaxesha, banokucebisa ngamayeza. Nokuba ugqirha wakho ucebisa ntoni, khumbula i-prediabetes inokuguqulwa kwaye kulungile ukuba uyibambe kwangoko.