Isikhokelo somzali kwisandla, iinyawo, kunye nesifo somlomo ebantwaneni

Imfundo yezeMpilo

Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo nokuthimla, iimpumlo ezibalekayo, namaqhuqhuva angachazekiyo — abantwana babonakala bengumazibuthe kwiintsholongwane. Kwisikhokelo somzali wethu kwizigulo zobuntwana, sithetha ngeempawu kunye nonyango lweemeko eziqhelekileyo. Funda uthotho olupheleleyo Apha .

Yintoni i-HFMD? | Iimpawu | Uxilongo | Unyango | Uthintelo

Isandla, unyawo, kunye nesifo somlomo kuvakala ngathi uyakufumana ebaleni, kodwa sisifo esiqhelekileyo kwaye esiqhelekileyo esingenabungozi kubuntwana. Iyosulela kwaye ihlala isasazeka ngokulula ezikolweni kunye namaziko okunakekela abantwana. Ngombulelo, uninzi lweemeko zipholile kwaye abantwana bayachacha ngaphandle kwemiphumo emibi okanye engapheliyo.

Yintoni isandla, unyawo, kunye nesifo somlomo (HFMD)?

I-HFMD sisifo sentsholongwane (ngesiqhelo i-coxsackievirus a16 okanye ezinye ii-enteroviruses). E-United States, kwenzeka rhoqo kwi Ihlobo nekwindla amaxesha onyaka. Ngelixa abantu abadala kunye nabantwana abadala benokubamba usulelo lwentsholongwane, kuxhaphakile kubantwana abancinci iinyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwiminyaka emi-5. Ayinxulumene nazo naziphi na izifo zezilwanyana-ngaphandle kokufana ngegama kwisifo seenyawo nomlomo (esaziwa njengesifo sempuphu nomlomo), esichaphazela iinkomo, iigusha, neehagu.

Uphawu lwe-HFMD luphawu olubomvu olunokuthi lube blister emlonyeni, ezintendeni zezandla kunye nasezinyaweni zeenyawo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kwezinye iindawo zomzimba.

Inkqubo ye- ixesha lofukamiso (ixesha lokuvezwa kukugula ukuya ekubonakaleni kweempawu) ze-HFMD ziintsuku ezintathu ukuya kwezintandathu. Abantu banjalo esosulela kakhulu Ngexesha leveki yokuqala yokugula, kodwa intsholongwane inokuhlala kwindawo yokuphefumla kwaye ichithe iiveki ezimbalwa emva kokuba umntu echache, kwaye i-HFMD inokusasazeka kwilindle ukuya kwiinyanga ezininzi emva kokuchacha. Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukuba ube ne-HFMD kwaye ungabi nophawu, ngakumbi kubantu abadala. Abaphethe ii-asymptomatic carriers ze-HFMD basenokusasaza isifo.

Kuba isigulo sihlala siphakathi, kwaye ixesha elosulelayo linokuba lide, abantwana akufuneki bahlale ekhaya isikolo okanye okhathalelo lwemini, ngaphandle kokuba:

• Banomkhuhlane.
• Baziva bengaphilanga ukuba bangathatha inxaxheba.
• Kukho umgaqo-nkqubo okhoyo esikolweni okanye ekunakekelweni kwemini efuna ukuba abantwana abane-HFMD bahlale ekhaya.
• Zinamadyungudyungu avulekileyo. (Ulwelo olungaphakathi kumadyungudyungu luyosulela. Amadyungudyungu athabatha malunga neveki ukuze ome.)
• Umboneleli wabo wezempilo ucebisa ukuba bahlale ekhaya.

Isandla, unyawo kunye neempawu zomlomo

I-HFMD iqala ngeempawu ezinjengokubanda ezinje ngomkhuhlane, umqala obuhlungu, kunye nempumlo egudileyo. Emva koko, i-blisters ibonakala ezandleni kunye / okanye kwiinyawo kwaye (ngokuqhelekileyo izilonda) emlonyeni.

Ngokwe-US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), iimpawu zesandla, unyawo kunye nesifo somlomo zibandakanya:

• Amabala abomvu asicaba (malunga nobukhulu bepensile yokusula okanye encinci) ebaleka ezandleni, ezinyaweni, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha iimpundu, amadolo, iingqiniba kunye / okanye amalungu esini. Irhashalala linamabala abomvu tyaba anokuba ngamadyungudyungu.
• Izilonda ezibuhlungu emlonyeni eziqala njengamabala abomvu asicaba
• Umqala obuhkungu
• Ifiva
• Ndiziva ndingaphilanga
• Ukunciphisa ukutya
• Ukutsala amathe

Iimpawu zomntwana wakho zisenokungabikho zonke ngaxeshanye. Uninzi lweziganeko ze-HFMD zithambile kwaye zilandela le ndlela ingentla yeempawu-kodwa eyona ndlela inzima ye-HFMD ebangelwa yintsholongwane entsha ye-coxsackie yaqala ukwenzeka ngo-2012 kwaye iyaqhubeka nokujikeleza.

Iimpawu ze-HFMD ezinzima ziyafana ne-HFMD, kodwa zinokubandakanya:

• Irhashalala yenziwe ngamadyungudyungu amancinci ezingalweni, emilenzeni nasebusweni.
• Ukuphulukana noozipho kunye / okanye iinzipho. Oku kwenzeka kwi-4% yamatyala aqatha, iiveki ezintathu ukuya kwezintandathu kwisigulo. Ziyakukhula zibuye (kwiinyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezintandathu ezinzwaneni kunye neenyanga ezilithoba ukuya kwezili-12 kwiinzipho) kwaye ziya kujongeka njengesiqhelo xa zisenza.

Kuqhelekile ukuba ulusu kwiminwe kunye neenzwane zikhuphe iveki okanye ezimbini kwi-HFMD. Oku akunabungozi kwaye kunokuncedwa ngokufaka ikhrimu yokuthambisa.

Iingxaki ezinzima ezivela kwi-HFMD zinqabile, kodwa zingabandakanya:

• I-virus ye-meningitis (ukudumba kwenwebu yomnqonqo kunye nengqondo, enokuthi ibangele ukuhlala esibhedlele iintsuku ezimbalwa)
• Ukukhubazeka (kunqabile)
• I-Encephalitis (ukudumba kwengqondo, kwenzeka kunqabile)

Sifunyaniswa njani isandla, unyawo nomlomo?

Isandla, unyawo, kunye nesifo somlomo zihlala zixilongwa eklinikhi, utsho Soma Mandal , MD, umfundi oqinisekiswe yibhodi kwiSummit Medical Group. Kukho ukubonakala okuqhelekileyo kunye nendawo yezilonda zomlomo kunye / okanye izilonda ezandleni okanye ezinyaweni. Xa ukuxilongwa kungaqinisekanga, umqala we-swab, isampuli yesitulo, okanye umbane ovela kwi-rash ungathunyelwa kuvavanyo. Nangona kunjalo, uvavanyo kunqabile ukuba lwenziwe kuba kungabiza kakhulu kwaye ngekhe kutshintshe ulawulo lweempawu kuba lungekho unyango.

I-HFMD ihlala ichongwa ngugqirha wabantwana okanye usapho / umboneleli wezempilo ngokubanzi. Abantwana kufuneka babone umboneleli wabo wezempilo ngeenjongo zokuqonda isifo, kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi umboneleli wezempilo akazukuyalela ukuba anyangwe.

Tsalela umnikezeli wakho wezempilo ukuba ngaba iimpawu aziphucuki kwiveki, umntwana unamajoni omzimba abuthathaka, okanye angaphantsi kweenyanga ezintandathu ubudala, utshilo uLeann Poston, MD, onegalelo kwezonyango Impilo yeIcon .

Fumana unyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba:

• Umntwana wakho uphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni. Iimpawu zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni zibandakanya ukungabikho komchamo kwiiyure ezisibhozo okanye nangaphezulu, umchamo omnyama, umlomo owomileyo kakhulu, akukho zinyembezi. Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kukuxhalabisa nge-HFMD kuba umlomo womntwana obuhlungu unokuphazamisa ukutya okuqhelekileyo kunye nokusela iipateni.
• Umntwana ujongeka okanye uziphethe kakubi.
• Uziva ngathi umntwana wakho ufuna unyango olukhawulezileyo.

Thetha nomboneleli wezempilo ukuba:

• Umntwana wakho ungaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-6 ubudala.
• Umntwana wakho akagonywa okanye alibaziseke kugonyo — qiniseka ukuba utsalela umnxeba e-ofisini kuqala ukuze uthabathe amanyathelo okuthintela ungcoliseko.
• Ukugqithisa kusasazeka kwiingalo kunye / okanye emilenzeni.
• Ukukhawuleza ukutshintsha kwembonakalo.
• Umkhuhlane uhlala ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezintathu.
• Akukho kuphuculwa emva kweentsuku ezili-10.
• Umntwana wakho unesifo esinganyangekiyo okanye ukhubazeka komzimba wakhe.
• Uziva ngathi umntwana kufuneka abonwe, kodwa hayi ngokungxamisekileyo.
• Iinzipho okanye iinzipho ziyawa.
• Unemibuzo okanye izinto ezixhalabisayo.

Unyango lwesandla, iinyawo kunye nomlomo

Akukho yeza liza kunciphisa ikhondo lokugula okanye lisiphelise, utshilo uGqirha Poston. Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane aya kunceda kuphela ukuba kukho usulelo lwesibini lwebhaktiriya. Nangona kunjalo, amanye amayeza e-counter-counter anokubonelela ngoncedo lweempawu.

Umkhuhlane kunye nentlungu

Umkhuhlane kunye nentlungu inokunyangwa ngamayeza angaphezulu kwekhawuntara anje acetaminophen ( UTylenol ) okanye ibuprofen ( Yimbi okanye Imotrin ).

Umlomo uxolile

Abanye oogqirha babantwana bacebisa ngokudityaniswa UBenadryl kwaye Maalox ukunceda ngezilonda zomlomo, utshilo uGqirha Poston. Tsalela umnxeba kugqirha wabantwana ukuze ubone ukuba ngaba olu lukhetho olukhuselekileyo nolusebenzayo kumntwana wakho.

Ulwelo olunxamnye nolwelo, njengeMaalox okanye Mylanta , inokusetyenziswa njengonyango ukuya kumaxesha amane ngemini njengoko kufuneka, kwaye ilawulwa ngokobudala. Kubantwana abaneminyaka eyi-1 ukuya kwi-6 yeminyaka, beka amathontsi ambalwa emlonyeni okanye ufake ngqo kwizilonda zomlomo nge-swab yomqhaphu. Kubantwana abadala kuneminyaka emi-6, nika itispuni enye (5 ml) yeMaalox okanye iMylanta njengendawo yokuhlamba umlomo. Umntwana makayigcine kwizilonda ixesha elide kangangoko kunokwenzeka emva koko ayitshicele okanye ayiginye. Sukusebenzisa ukuhlamba umlomo rhoqo —Kuya kuba buhlungu kakhulu.

Isifo sesandla, seenyawo, kunye nesomlomo zihlala ziphela ngokwazo kwiveki, utshilo uGqirha Mandal. Izilonda zomlomo zinokwenza kube nzima ukutya okanye ukusela, ngenxa yoko ukutya okubandayo okunje nge popsicles okanye i-ayisikhrim kunye nepudding okanye i-gelatin kulula ukukuginya. Khetha i-hydration ngaphezulu kokutya okuqinileyo, okanye uzame ukutya okuthambileyo njengeetapile ezicujiweyo okanye isuphu. Gwema naziphi na izitya ezinetyiwa okanye ezineziqholo, ezinokucaphukisa izilonda zomlomo. Iintsana ezondliwa ngebhotile zingayifumana ingono yebhotile iyacaphukisa kwaye yenze ngcono ngekomityi, ngecephe, okanye ngesirinji yokutya ngelixa izilonda ziphola.

Ungasithintela njani isandla, unyawo nomlomo

Ukuba ne-HFMD kanye akukwenzi ukuba ukhuseleke kuyo-kunokwenzeka ukuba uyifumane kaninzi.

Ngenxa yokuba i-HFMD isasazeka ngendlela yokuphefumla (amathontsi ukusuka ekukhohliseni, ukuthetha, ukuthimla, njl. Umhlaba kwizinto okanye kwabanye abantu kwaye ugqithiselwe kulowo mntu, empumlweni, okanye emlonyeni), nangomgaqo wendlela yomlomo (inkunkuma evela kumntu osulelekileyo ifumana izinto abanye abantu abazichukumisayo emva koko bachukumise amehlo, impumlo, okanye umlomo), ucoceko olulungileyo yeyona ndlela yokuthintela ukusasazeka nokusuleleka kwakhona kwe-HFMD.

• Isimbozo sokukhohlela nokuthimla, kwaye ufundise abantwana indlela yokwenza oko.
• Ukuhlamba izandla ngesepha namanzi rhoqo kangangemizuzwana engama-20 — ngakumbi emva kokusebenzisa izicwili, ukusebenzisa igumbi lokuhlamba impahla, okanye ukutshintsha ilweyile.
• Coca ucoce iithoyi rhoqo, ngakumbi ezo zidibene namathe.
• Gwema ukwabelana ngokutya, iziphuzo, iibhulashi zamazinyo, iitawuli, okanye nayiphi na into edibana nomlomo, ngakumbi eyomntu oneHFMD okanye osandula ukuba nayo.
• Ukucoca rhoqo kunye nokucoca iintsholongwane rhoqo.

Ukuba umntu osendlwini une-HFMD, mgcine kude kunxibelelwano olusondeleyo nabanye abantwana kangangoko kunokwenzeka-ukudimazeka ukwanga, ukuwola, ukwabelana ngezinto zakho ezifana neekomityi okanye izinto, ukulala kumagumbi ahlukeneyo-ade umntu owosulelekileyo achache ngokupheleleyo .

Ukuba umntwana ufunda isikolo , ukunakekelwa kwemini, okanye nayiphi na indawo apho banxibelelana nabanye abantwana kwaye banesivumelwano ne-HFMD, soloko wazisa umphathi ukuze bakwazi ukwazisa abanye abazali ukuba abantwana babo banokuvezwa.

Isifo sesandla, seenyawo, nomlomo asimnandanga, kwaye asihle-kodwa ngokubanzi sithambile kwaye siyazisombulula.