Uthini umahluko phakathi kwe-HSA, i-FSA, ne-HRA?

Inkampani ibuze i-singleCare

I-inshurensi ayigubungeli yonke into. Kulapho kungena khona iiplani zokonga ze-HSA, i-FSA, kunye ne-HRA-yindlela yokubeka bucala imali yeendleko zempilo uyazi ukuba ziyeza, ezingangeni phantsi kwesambulela sakho senzuzo.

Ukuba uziqeshile, okanye uthenga i-inshurensi yakho, uvumelekile kuphela kwi-HSA. Ukuba ufumana i-inshurensi ngomqeshi wakho, unokufumana enye-okanye zonke ezi ntlobo zeakhawunti. Kwaye mhlawumbi uyazibuza ukuba (kwaye kutheni) kufuneka ukhethe enye kwenye.

Kwisuphu yoonobumba besicwangciso sokugcina imali yabasebenzi, kulula ukulahla umkhondo. Yintoni isifinyezo ngasinye ngokwenene Ndithetha ntoni? Zahluke njani? Yintoni efanayo? Ukuba udibanisa le mithetho, inokuphela ikubiza imali. Sebenzisa esi sikhokelo ukubahlukanisa.

Yintoni i-HSA emele yona?

Iakhawunti yokonga impilo (HSA) yindlela ekhethekileyo yokubeka bucala imali yokuhlawula iindleko zonyango ngaphambi kokuba uhlangane ne-inshurensi yakho. Iyafumaneka kuye nawuphina umntu onesicwangciso esiphakamileyo sokutsalwa kwempilo (HDHP).

Yintoni efanelekileyo njengotshintsho oluphezulu olutsalwayo minyaka le. Kwi 2019 , yi- $ 1,350 okanye ngaphezulu umntu ngamnye, kunye ne-2,700 yeedola okanye ngaphezulu usapho. Ngo-2020, loo mali inyukela kwi- $ 1,400 kunye ne- $ 2,800. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba zeziphi iindleko ekufuneka zihlawulwe ngaphandle kweepokotho ngaphambi kokuba kutsalwe imali kwi-HDHP, itsho njalo iTim Church, iFarm.D., Umlawuli womxholo Usokhemesti wakho wezezimali . Nangona iipremiyamu ngokubanzi ziya kuba sezantsi, ukuba umntu akakwazi ukugubungela amawaka eedola kukhathalelo olungalindelekanga, oku kungakhokelela kwityala lezonyango okanye kuthintele uninzi ekufuneni unonophelo kwasekuqaleni.

Injongo ye-HSA kukukwenza kube lula ukuhlawula iindleko zonyango (ezinje ngotyelelo olungalindelekanga kugqirha okanye ukhathalelo lwesifo esinganyangekiyo) phambi kokuba i-deductible yakho ihlangane kwaye i-inshurensi yakho iqale ukuhlawula iindleko. Iakhawunti ixhaswa kancinci kwintlawulo nganye; Abaqeshi banokongeza imali njengenxalenye yesicwangciso sezibonelelo zezempilo. Ndicinga ukuba nabani na ofunyenwe enesimo esinye okanye ezingaphezulu ezingapheliyo unokusebenzisa ukhathalelo lwempilo rhoqo, kwaye ke banamathuba amaninzi okusebenzisa i-HSA yabo ukutyelela, ukukopishwa ngugqirha, kunye / okanye nezinto zoncedo ezingafakwanga i-inshurensi yabo, uthi UJeffrey Bratberg, uGqirha ., Unjingalwazi wezonyango kwiYunivesithi yaseRhode Island College of Pharmacy.

Iimfuno zezi:

• Nayiphi na imali oyigcinayo irhafu yangaphambi kokurhola. Intsingiselo, iyanciphisa umvuzo wakho opheleleyo, kunye nenani lerhafu oyihlawulayo.
• Inzala kwimali kwiakhawunti yakho ayihlawulelwa rhafu.
• Yeyakho iakhawunti. Ke, ukuba utshintsha abaqeshi uyayigcina imali yakho, kwaye akukho kuphelelwa lixesha kwemali ekupheleni konyaka. Ukuba awuyichithanga yonke imali oyigcinileyo, ibhalansi iyaqengqeleka. Unokwenza ukurhoxiswa kweendleko ezingafanelekanga kwiakhawunti, kodwa uya kuhlawula isohlwayo serhafu de ube ungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-65.

Ukongeza, kwabo banemali elungileyo okanye enye imali yokonga ukuhlawula iindleko zonyango kwisicwangciso sezempilo esitsalwayo (HDHP), umntu angayiphatha i-HSA njengeakhawunti yomhlala-phantsi ethandwa yirhafu kunye nemali etyalwayo, ucacisa uGqr. Ngezibonelelo zayo zerhafu eziphindwe kathathu, igalelo ukuya kuthi ga kwimida ephezulu liyakunciphisa ingeniso yomntu ehlengahlengisiweyo (i-AGI), ikhule ngaphandle kwirhafu, kwaye ulwabiwo lunokwenziwa ngaphandle kweerhafu kwiindleko zonyango ezifanelekileyo okanye ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa emva kweminyaka engama-65.

Ufumana ikhadi lebhanki okanye iitshekhi ezitsala ibhalansi yakho ye-HSA ngeendleko ezifanelekileyo, njengezincedisi zokuva okanye iifizi zebhu zokufumana igazi. Ndicebisa ukuba abantu bazisebenzise ukuhlawulela ukukhutshwa kwamachiza amayeza amayeza, amayeza e-OTC, i-sunscreen, ukutyelela ii-copays, kunye neenkonzo zekhemesti zonyango ukuba zigutyungelwe yi-HSA yabo, utshilo uGqirha Bratberg. Ukugcina imali nangakumbi, sebenzisa ikhadi lakho le-SingleCare kwikhawuntara yekhemesti, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ufumana elona xabiso liphezulu.

Unokuba negalelo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-3,500 yeedola umntu okanye i-7,000 yeedola kusapho ngo-2019. Ngo-2020, ii-maximums zinyuka ziye kwi- $ 3,550 kunye ne- $ 7,100 ngokwahlukeneyo.

I-FSA imele ntoni?

I-akhawunti yokonga eguqukayo (ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba lilungiselelo lokuchithwa kwemali-yindlela yokubekela bucala irhafu yangaphambi kwerhafu kwiindleko zokhathalelo lwempilo ukuba unayo i-inshurensi ngomqeshi wakho. Abaqeshi unako ukufaka isandla kwi-FSA yakho, kodwa ayifuneki.

Ungagcina ukuya kuthi ga kwi-2,650 yeedola unyaka ngomqeshi ngamnye. Naliphi na igalelo kwi-FSA yakho linciphisa umvuzo wakho opheleleyo, kunye nenani lerhafu oya kulihlawula. Zimbini iindlela zokuchitha imali kwi-FSA yakho: ukusebenzisa ikhadi lebhanki ukuhlawula njengoko uchitha, okanye ngokungenisa iirisithi (kunye namanye amaxwebhu axhasayo) ekubuyiseleni imali.

Imali egcinwe kwi-FSA inokuhlawula iindleko ezahlukeneyo zonyango kunye nokubonelela-kwaye abanye abaqeshi banikezela ngononophelo oluxhomekeke kwii-FSAs ukugcina iindleko zokukhathalela abantwana. Qaphela nje, kuba ii-FSA zinezithintelo ezithile:

• Kuya kufuneka ubhengeze ukuba lingakanani igalelo kwithuba ngalinye lokuhlawula, kwaye uhlala ungenako ukutshintsha de kube lixesha lokubhalisa elivulekileyo.
• Umqeshi ungumnikazi weakhawunti. Oko kuthetha ukuba xa utshintsha abaqeshi, uphulukana nemali.
• Uninzi lwe-FSA lufuna ukuba uchithe nayiphi na imali ngaphambi kokuphela konyaka. Ukuba awuyichithanga imali eseleyo, ii-FSAs aziqengqeli imali engasetyenziswanga. Uphulukana nemali.

Ukuba unempilo engapheliyo owaziyo ukuba iya kuxabisa isixa esithile unyaka wonke, kunokuba yindlela elungileyo yokunciphisa amatyala erhafu. Okanye, kwiimeko ezithile ukuba ubetha ubuninzi begalelo kwi-HSA, unokuba ne-FSA, nayo. Kodwa, ukuba umncinci kwaye usempilweni notyekelo lokulibala malunga nokhathalelo lwempilo, i-FSA isenokungabi lukhetho olufanelekileyo.

I-HSA ngokuchasene ne-FSA

Ii-HSAs kunye nee-FSAs zininzi ngokufanayo. Unikela ngemali ye-pretax-enciphisa umvuzo wakho opheleleyo ngeenjongo zerhafu-emva koko uyisebenzisele ukuhlawula iindleko zonyango isicwangciso sakho se-inshurensi esingagubungeliyo Uthini umahluko phakathi kwe-HSA kunye ne-FSA? Nazi ezinye ezibalulekileyo.

Ii-HSAs

• Ii-HSAs zenzelwe kuphela abantu abanezicwangciso zempilo ezinokutsalwa.
• Umda wexabiso yi- $ 3,500 yomntu ngamnye, i-7,000 yeedola kusapho.
• Ungayitshintsha ukuba ube negalelo elingakanani kunyaka wonke.
• Iimali ze-HSA ziqengqeleka unyaka nonyaka.
• Ii-HSA ziyafumaneka kubasebenzi abaziqeshileyo nabasebenza rhoqo.
• Umntu ungumnikazi weakhawunti ye-HSA.
• Iakhawunti ifumana inzala, kwaye ayirhafisi.
• Iakhawunti yeyakho nokuba utshintsha imisebenzi.

IiFSA

• Ii-FSAs ziyafumaneka ngabaqeshi, kunye okanye ngaphandle kwesicwangciso sempilo.
• Umyinge wexabiso yi- $ 2,650.
• Ungatshintsha kuphela isixa segalelo lakho ngexesha lobhaliso oluvulekileyo.
• Ii-FSAs ziyayisebenzisa-okanye-okanye-ilahle-oko, oko kukuthi, imali eseleyo ihambile ekupheleni konyaka.
• Ii-FSAs azifumaneki kubantu abaziqeshileyo.
• Umqeshi ungumnikazi weakhawunti ye-FSA.
• Iakhawunti ayifumani nzala.
• Uyaphulukana neakhawunti ukuba utshintsha imisebenzi.

I-HRA imele ntoni?

Iakhawunti yembuyekezo yezempilo ( UMDLALO )-Ngamanye amaxesha ebizwa ngokuba lilungiselelo lokubuyiselwa kwembuyekezo yezempilo-yindlela yokuba umqeshi wakho ahlawule iindleko zakho zokhathalelo lwempilo epokothweni nangaluphi na uhlobo lwesicwangciso seinshurensi. Awunakho ukongeza imali kuyo, kuphela ngumqeshi wakho onakho. Umqeshi wakho uthatha isigqibo sokuba uza kufaka malini kwisicwangciso, kwaye nayiphi na imali iyafumaneka ekuqaleni konyaka.

Ungasebenzisa iimali ze-HRA ngokuhlawula iindleko zonyango ngekhadi le-HRA okanye ngokuthumela iindleko zokubuyisela imali. Iiakhawunti ze-HRA zisebenza ngeakhawunti ye-FSA kunye ne-HSA. Ngokwesiqhelo iindleko zihlawulwa kwi-FSA okanye kwi-HSA kuqala, emva koko iimali ezivela kwi-HRA zisetyenziselwa umahluko.

Kuxhomekeke kwindlela ekusekwe ngayo isicwangciso, iimali zinokuqengqeleka unyaka nonyaka.

I-HRA kunye ne-HSA

Injongo ye-HRA kunye ne-HSA iyafana: ukubeka eceleni imali yokuhlawula iindleko zonyango ezingagqitywanga yi-inshurensi. Kulapho ukufana kufikelela esiphelweni. Umehluko phakathi kwe-HRA kunye ne-HSA? Funda olu luhlu lungezantsi.

Ii-HRAs

• Ii-HRA zinokubonelelwa ngalo naluphi na uhlobo lwesicwangciso seinshurensi.
• Akukho buncinci okanye ubuncinci bomda wokufaka igalelo. Kodwa, umqeshi kufuneka andise izibonelelo ezifanayo ze-HRA kubo bonke abasebenzi beklasi enye.
• Abaqeshi kuphela abanokwenza igalelo kwii-HRAs.
• Iimali ze-HRA zihlala zibuyela kumqeshi ekupheleni konyaka. Abanye abaqeshi banokuvumela ukuba isixa semali siqhubeke.
• Ii-HRAs azifumaneki kubantu abazisebenzelayo.
• Umqeshi ungumnikazi weakhawunti ye-HRA.
• Iakhawunti ayifumani nzala.
• Uyaphulukana neakhawunti ukuba utshintsha imisebenzi.

Ii-HSAs

• Ii-HSAs zenzelwe kuphela abantu abanezicwangciso zempilo ezinokutsalwa.
• Umda wexabiso yi- $ 3,500 yomntu ngamnye, i-7,000 yeedola kusapho.
• Nabani na angafaka igalelo kwii-HSAs: abantu, abaqeshi, okanye amalungu osapho.
• Iimali ze-HSA ziqengqeleka unyaka nonyaka.
• Ii-HSA ziyafumaneka kubasebenzi abaziqeshileyo nabasebenza rhoqo.
• Umntu ungumnikazi weakhawunti ye-HSA.
• Iakhawunti ifumana inzala, kwaye ayirhafisi.
• Iakhawunti yeyakho nokuba utshintsha imisebenzi.

I-HRA vs HSA vs. FSA ukuthelekisa

Ngaba awuqinisekanga ukuba ungazihlula njani ezi akhawunti? Jonga kwitafile engezantsi, ngokungafani kwabo okuphambili.

	HSA	UMDLALO	FSA
Yeyakho iakhawunti.	+	✘	✘
Umqeshi ungumnikazi weakhawunti.	✘	+	+
Ukuba umshiya umqeshi wakho, ungayigcina imali.	+	✘	✘
Ubeka imali.	+	✘	+
Ngumqeshi wakho kuphela ofaka imali.	✘	+	✘
Kukho imida malunga nokuba unganikela kangakanani ngonyaka.	+	✘	+
Kuya kufuneka ube unesicwangciso se-inshurensi ethathwe kakhulu.	+	✘	✘
Imali engasetyenziswanga ihlala iqhubeka unyaka nonyaka.	+	✘	✘