Iimpawu ze-13 zeengxaki zentliziyo ekufuneka uzikhathaze ngazo

Imfundo yezeMpilo

Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba ukutyumza iintlungu esifubeni kuhlala kungumqondiso wesifo sentliziyo. Kodwa kukho ezinye iintlobo zesifo sentliziyo esineempawu ezifihlakeleyo ngakumbi.

Thatha esi sigulana siye kugqirha malunga nokuqaqanjelwa kwamagxa kunye neentlungu. Ugqirha wakhe wamxelela ukuba aphungule umthwalo wakhe, kwaye aphathe isipaji sakhe kwelinye icala. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa kamva, iintlungu zazingadambanga. Eli bhinqa laya kubona uMartha Gulati, MD, icandelo lecandelo le-cardiology kwiYunivesithi yase-Arizona College of Medicine ePhoenix. Ngokuqinisekileyo, uGqirha Gulati wafumana izithintelo kwimithambo yakhe.

Kubalulekile ukugcina iliso ngaphandle kweengxaki zakudala.

Uninzi lweentlobo zesifo sentliziyo

Isifo sentliziyo sisigama seambrela esibandakanya iintlobo ezininzi zemicimbi yentliziyo:

• Umthambo isifo: Imithambo yegazi sisifo sentliziyo esiqhelekileyo. Iziphumo xa kukho ulwakhiwo lwe-LDL (cholesterol embi) kwimithambo yakho. Ukuba akulawulwa, oku kungakhokelela ekubanjweni kwentliziyo nasekufeni.
• Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo:Oku kwenzeka xa izihlunu zentliziyo yakho zibuthathaka kwaye iimpompo zincinci kakhulu okanye uxinzelelo oluphezulu kakhulu. Malunga 5 yezigidi zabantu umzabalazo wokungaphumeleli kwentliziyo e-US, kwaye ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha bayasweleka kwisithuba seminyaka emihlanu besi sifo.
• Isifo sentliziyo seValvular: Xa enye yezivalo zentliziyo ezine ingasebenzi kakuhle, nokuba kungenxa yokugula, isiphene sokuzalwa, okanye ukonakala kwentliziyo ngokuhamba kwexesha, uya kuba nesifo sentliziyo se-valvular. Yi ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala , kwaye ayiqhelekanga kunezinye izifo zentliziyo. Abanye abantu banokuhamba ubomi babo bonke bengazi ukuba banengxaki yevalvu.
• I-atherosclerosis: Kulapho ipleyiti yakhela phezu kweendonga zemithambo yakho. I-Atherosclerosis ichaphazela malunga nezigidi ezi-3 zabantu ngonyaka. Ihlala ingenazimpawu kwaye ayinakuze ibangele umba, kodwa inokukhokelela kwisifo sentliziyo ukuba ayinyangwa.
• Arrhythmia : Yilapho intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, icotha kakhulu, ngokungafaniyo, okanye yeqa ukubetha. Yenye yeemeko zentliziyo exhaphakileyo kwaye ngokufuthi ayisosizathu sokukhathazeka. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abadala abanezinye izinto ezinobungozi banokufuna ukuthatha igazi elincinci ukucima imivumbo. Ukuba ayinyangwa, kunokubangela ukubanjwa kwentliziyo.
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu okanye oluphantsi:Nangona singesosifo ngokwaso, igazi elonyukayo yenye yezona meko zixhaphakileyo emhlabeni. Inokulawulwa ngamayeza, kwaye kufanele ukuba-iingxaki zexinzelelo yegazi ezingakhange ziqwalaselwe kunokubangela ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo, ukubetha, kunye nesifo semithambo.

Zeziphi iimpawu ezilumkisa ngesifo sentliziyo?

Iimpawu ezahlukileyo zingabonisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zesifo sentliziyo. Jonga le miqondiso enokubonakala ingenabungozi, kodwa ingabonisa ukuba impilo yentliziyo yakho isemngciphekweni.

1. Ukudinwa ngokugqithiseleyo

Inokubonisa: Isifo semithambo yegazi; ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo; isifo sentliziyo valvular

Zininzi iimeko ezinokubangela ukudinwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukudinwa okungapheliyo, okungachazwanga kunokuba luphawu lokuba intliziyo yakho ayimpompozi kakuhle, okanye udibana nenye ingxaki-njengokuvaleka okanye umba wevalvu.

2. Ukuphefumla kancinci

Ingabonisa: I-Atherosclerosis; isifo semithambo; ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo; isifo sentliziyo valvular

Ngokuqinisekileyo, ufikelwa ngumoya ngokulula ukuba uphumile kancinane kwimilo, kodwa musa ukuyibhala ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba ufumanisa ukuba uphefumla umoya emva kwexabiso elincinci lokuzikhandla, njengokuhamba uye emotweni okanye unyuke amanyathelo angaphambili, kunokuba yinto enxulumene nentliziyo.

3. Utshintsho kunyamezelo lomthambo

Ingabonisa: Isifo semithambo yegazi; ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo; isifo sentliziyo valvular

UJohn Osborne, MD, umlawuli we-cardiology kwiziko le-LowT / HerKare kunye nevolontiya le-American Heart Association (AHA), uhlala ebona izigulana ezinokucheba ingca ngokulula kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo, kodwa ngoku ziyasokola-kwaye baphela benesifo sentliziyo. . Ukuba imisebenzi ebifudula ingenabuhlungu ngoku inzima, cinga ukuya kugqirha.

4. Iingxaki zokugaya ukutya

Inokubonisa: Isifo semithambo yeCoronary

Ubukhaphukhaphu, isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, okanye iintlungu zesisu zinokuba ziimpawu eziqhelekileyo zesifo sentliziyo-ngakumbi kwabasetyhini, abahlala benempawu ezahlukileyo kunamadoda. Inokuqala ngengqondo engacacanga yokungaziva kakuhle kwindawo yokwetyisa okanye isitshisa, kodwa ezi, kunye nokuphuka kubilo olubandayo, zinokubonisa isifo semithambo.

5. Lala i-apnea, ulele okanye uvuke ebusuku

Ingabonisa: I-Arrhythmia ; isifo semithambo; ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo

Isifo sentliziyo sinokuba semva kokulala kwakho ngokuhlwempuzekileyo. Ukuhamba kwegazi kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo yakho kuyatshintsha xa uye kulala xa yonke into isebenza ngesiqhelo. Ukuba kukho into engalunganga, kunokuba kukuvusa nge-1 kusasa ukusilela kwentliziyo kunokubangela ukuphefumla ubuthongo okanye kwenze ulwelo lwakhe emiphungeni, kwaye i-arrhythmia inokukwenza uzive ngathi intliziyo yakho ibaleka-zombini ezinokuphazamisa amaphupha akho.

Ukulala unyango lwe-apnea kunye namayeza

6. Ukudumba

Ingabonisa: Ukusilela kwentliziyo; isifo sentliziyo valvular

Ngokukodwa kwimilenze, emaqatheni, okanye ezinyaweni, ukudumba kunokuba luphawu lokusilela kwentliziyo. Ukuba ukhukhumele kakhulu kangangokuba umnwe wakho ushiya i-indent xa uchukumisa umzimba wakho, isenokuba lixesha lokuba ujonge kugqirha.

7. Ukungonwabi kwesifuba okanye i-angina

Ingabonisa: I-Atherosclerosis; isifo semithambo; isifo sentliziyo valvular

Imvakalelo yokucinezela, ubungqongqo, uxinzelelo, okanye ubunzima bunokuba ngumqondiso wokuba kukho into engalunganga ngentliziyo yakho. Abantu bahlala bechaza uxinzelelo lwentliziyo njengokuziva ngathi indlovu ihleli esifubeni sabo.

8. Iikram zomlenze

Ingabonisa: I-Atherosclerosis

Intlungu yomlenze, okanye ubunzima bokuhamba, inokuba luphawu lokuba ukujikeleza kwakho kuphazamisekile. Elona lungu liphambili lokuhamba kwegazi? Intliziyo yakho.

9. Isingqisho sentliziyo kunye notshintsho kumgangatho

Ingabonisa: Uxinzelelo oluphezulu okanye oluphantsi lwegazi, ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo; isifo sentliziyo valvular; arrhythmia

Xa ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho kungavamile — kukhawuleza kakhulu okanye kungalingani — oko kubizwa ngokuba kukuzibetha. Yimvakalelo efanayo naxa unecaffeine eninzi okanye uziva usoyika. Kodwa ukuba uhleli nje ufunda incwadi, kwaye intliziyo yakho iqala ukubaleka, kungathetha ukuba usengozini yesifo sentliziyo.

10. Igxalaba, ingalo, intamo, umqolo, isisu, okanye iintlungu zomhlathi

Ingabonisa: I-Atherosclerosis, isifo semithambo yegazi

Xa intliziyo yakho isokola, inokwenza amanye amalungu omzimba wakho abize iintlungu. Intlungu yengalo luphawu lokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo, kodwa inokubakho nasemagxeni, ngasemva, esiswini, okanye emhlathini.

11. Ukuba nesiyezi okanye ubuqaqawuli

Ingabonisa: I-Arrhythmia; uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu okanye oluphantsi; ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo; isifo sentliziyo valvular

Ukuziva udiniwe kuthetha ukuba akukho gazi laneleyo liye kwingqondo. Ngelixa zininzi izizathu, ukusebenza kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga kunokuba yenye yazo-ngakumbi xa uziva unesiyezi xa usukume.

12. Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo

Inokubonisa: Isifo semithambo yegazi; ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo

Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo kunokwakha ulwelo kwimiphunga yakho, enokubangela ukukhohlela okanye ukuvutha.

13. Ubuthathaka kwiziphelo

Ingabonisa: I-Atherosclerosis

Ubuthathaka emilenzeni buhamba kunye notshintsho kunyamezelo lomthambo kunye nokuphefumla okufutshane. Ingaba luhlobo lokudinwa oluhambelana nengxaki yentliziyo.

Ukuba uhlangabezana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zingasentla zesifo sentliziyo — nokuba kubuhlungu okanye kuya kusiba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha — qala uyeke okwenzayo ulinde ukuba kusombululeke. Emva koko, fowunela ugqirha wakho wokhathalelo oluphambili kwaye wenze idinga ukuze uhlolwe. Ukuba ayilungisi kwaye uqala ukufumana ezinye iimpawu ezingxamisekileyo, njengentlungu ebukhali okanye ubunzima bokuhamba, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka.

Zithini iimpawu ezilumkisa ngesifo sentliziyo?

Ukuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo kungxamiseko. Gcina ujonge ezi mpawu ziqhelekileyo ukuze uzincede okanye uncede abanye.

• Iintlungu zesifuba. Oku kungabonakalisa uxinzelelo lwesifuba, ukucinezela, ukungakhululeki, okanye imvakalelo yendlovu esifubeni sakho, utshilo uGqirha Gulati.
• Intlungu yengalo. Oku kubandakanya umhlathi, igxalaba kunye nengalo, kwaye zihlala zikwicala lasekhohlo; Inokubekwa kwindawo enye.
• Iingxaki zesisu. Oku kubandakanya ukungaginyeki, ukubetha kwentliziyo, i-asidi, isicaphucaphu, iintlungu zesisu, okanye i-reflux engahambelaniyo nesidlo, ngakumbi kwimeko yokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo, utshilo uGqirha Osborne.
• Ubumhlophe. Ukuba unesiyezi, unentloko elula, okanye uyadlula, ngumqondiso wongxamiseko.
• Ukubila. Oku kubonakala njengokubila okubandayo, kodwa nakuphi na ukubila okungxamisekileyo ngaphandle kwesilumkiso luphawu.
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo. Oku kubandakanya ubunzima bokuthatha impefumlo enzulu okanye iimpawu ezinje ngesifuba.
• Ukudinwa. Intliziyo yakho esokolayo ukukugcina uphila inokukwenza udinwe kakhulu ngokukhawuleza okukhulu.

Ndingenza ntoni xa mna okanye umntu endimthandayo ehlaselwa yintliziyo?

Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba wena okanye umntu okufutshane nawe uhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo, kufuneka uthathe amanyathelo ngokukhawuleza. Okokuqala (kwaye okona kubaluleke kakhulu), tsalela umnxeba ku-911. Musa ukuzama ukuqhuba wena okanye nabani na omaziyo esibhedlele. Ngelixa i-ambulensi isendleleni, thatha la manyathelo ukuba unesifo sentliziyo:

1. Hlafuna iasprini. Oku kuyakunceda ukunciphisa igazi kwaye uqalise ukophula i-clot yegazi ebangela imiba.
2. Vula umnyango. Ukuba uwedwa kwaye udlula, aboncedo lokuqala baya kuba nakho ukungena ngokulula.
3. Yeka into oyenzayo kwaye uzame ukuphumla. Kuya kufuneka ususe kwangoko naluphi na uhlobo lobunzima entliziyweni yakho, ke hlala okanye ulale. Ukuba ukukhwehlela kanzima okanye ukubetha esifubeni sakho kukunceda uzive ungcono, yenze, kodwa uGqirha Osborne uphawula ukuba ayenzi mahluko kwaphela ekuhlaselweni sisifo sentliziyo.

Ukuba ayinguwe lo unesifo sentliziyo, lawula iCPR ukuba kuyafuneka.

Imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo malunga neempawu zentliziyo

Yintoni eyingozi yokubetha kwentliziyo?

Ngokubanzi, ukubetha kwentliziyo esempilweni kuphakathi kwe-60 (okanye i-50 ukuba uphilile ngokwenene) kunye ne-100 beats ngomzuzu-ke nantoni na engentla okanye engaphantsi kwala manani ingaba yingxaki. Kuzo zombini iziphelo zembonakalo, unokuziva unesiyezi, utyhafile, okanye unentloko elula, okanye uphume, utshilo uGqirha Osborne. Ukuba ingaphezulu kwe-100 beats ngomzuzu, kulapho unganentlungu yesifuba kunye nokuphefumla okufutshane.

Nokuba yeyiphi na indlela, nangona kunjalo, ephezulu okanye ephantsi, intloko kugqirha. Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokungaqhelekanga kula manqanaba kunokuthetha iingxaki ze-thyroid, ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo, i-fibrillation ye-atrial, okanye nayiphi na imeko yezinye iimeko.

Ngaba iimpawu zesifo sentliziyo zihlala iintsuku?

Xa sisiva malunga nokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo, yinto eqhelekileyo evela ngaphandle kwaye ibingalindelwanga. Kodwa ezinye iimpawu zentliziyo-kuxhomekeka kwimeko-zinokuhlala iintsuku ezininzi.

Wonke umntu wahlukile, utshilo uGqirha Gulati. [Abanye] abantu, iimpawu ziza kuza ngequbuliso, kwaye oko kudla ngokuthetha ukuba mhlawumbi iqabaka liqhekekile okanye into eqalise ukubakho kwe-thrombus okanye ukwakheka kwegazi. Kodwa abanye abantu banokuba neempawu eziqhubekayo ze-angina [ukunciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya entliziyweni] eziya zisiba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha. Isenokuba yimpendulo kwiimeko zoxinzelelo okanye zombini uxinzelelo lomzimba kunye neemvakalelo ezinokukuzisa.

Umzekelo, unokufumana ubunzima besifuba xa uhamba, kodwa uyahamba xa uqala ukuphumla. Okanye unokuba nobunzima besifuba kunye nokuphefumla okufutshane, kwaye uzive ushushu kakhulu kwaye ubile xa usenza umthambo-uyeke.

Ezi zihlala zilumkisa ukuba kukho into eyenzekayo, utshilo uGqirha Gulati. U-Angina uveza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kubantu abahlukeneyo. Abanye abantu, kuya kuthi gqi ngesiquphe kwaye khange bafumane mpawu ngaphambili, kwaye kwabanye abantu, banokuba befumana izinto ezincinci kodwa ezifihlakeleyo eziye zisiba mandundu.

Ezinye iimpawu ezinokuhlala iintsuku ezininzi okanye iinyanga, Ugqirha Osborne uthi, zibandakanya ukudumba, ukuvuka uphefumle kancinci ebusuku, ukungakwazi ukulala tyaba, ukungaphefumli, kunye nokungakwazi ukuphefumla nzulu.

Ndifanele ukukhathazeka nini malunga nokubetha kwentliziyo?

Nangona zinokoyikisa ngelo xesha, ukubetha kwentliziyo akufane kube yinto enokukhathazeka ngayo. Ugqirha Gulati uthi abanye abantu bazi nje ukubetha kweentliziyo zabo kunabanye kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba babone ukubetha okungafunekiyo okanye ezinye izoyikiso. Kodwa yena noGqr. Osborne bobabini bayavuma ukuba lixesha lokufuna unyango xa ezo zangqala ziza nokuphelelwa ngamandla, isiyezi, iintlungu, okanye ukuphefumla kancinci.

Ziziphi iintliziyo eziqhelekileyo zonyango?

Ukuba ufuna iyeza lentliziyo, kukho amakhulu okhetho lwe-cardiologist yakho onokukhetha kuyo. Ezi zezi ezixhaphake kakhulu iindidi zonyango (kwaye zisebenza njani).

• Abacoci begazi : Misa igazi ekunqandeni
• Iiarhente zeatiplatelet (kubandakanya iasprini): Misa iiplatelets zegazi ekuncamathelaneni kunye nokwenza amahlwili
• I-Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors: Yandisa imithambo yegazi kwaye uncede ukuhamba kwegazi ngokulula kwaye unciphise uxinzelelo lwegazi
• I-Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs): Misa uxinzelelo lwegazi ekunyukeni
• I-Angiotensin-receptor neprilysin inhibitors (ARNIs): Yaphula izinto zendalo ezinokuthintela imithambo
• Ibhloko blocker: Yenza intliziyo ibethe kancinci kwaye yomelele
• Iibhlokhi zesitayile seCalcium: Misa i-calcium ekungeneni entliziyweni nasemithanjeni yegazi kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi
• Amayeza eecholesterol: Yehlisa amanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol
• Digitalis: Yenza iintlungu zentliziyo zomelele
• Womchamo: Susa ulwelo oluninzi emzimbeni
• IVasodilators: Hlaziya imithambo yegazi kwaye uzise igazi elininzi kunye neoksijini entliziyweni kwaye unokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi ngokunjalo

Faka iinguqu kwindlela yokuphila esempilweni ukuphucula ukusebenza kwamayeza entliziyo. A ukutya okungafanelekanga kunye nokusilela kokuzilolonga kunokukubeka emngciphekweni omkhulu wesifo sentliziyo.

Ngelixa iingxaki ezininzi zentliziyo zingenayo imiqondiso ecacileyo yesilumkiso, kuhlala kukho unyango. Ukuba uqaphela enye yezi miqondiso ingaqhelekanga kusenokubakho ingxaki kwiTicker yakho, sukulibazisa. Dibana nogqirha wakho, kwaye ufumanise ukuba ungenza ntoni ukuyinyanga.