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Usulelo lwendlebe ebantwaneni

Imfundo yezeMpilo

Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo nokuthimla, iimpumlo ezibalekayo, namaqhuqhuva angachazekiyo — abantwana babonakala bengumazibuthe kwiintsholongwane. Kwisikhokelo somzali wethu kwizigulo zobuntwana, sithetha ngeempawu kunye nonyango lweemeko eziqhelekileyo. Funda uthotho olupheleleyo apha.

Ambalwa amavumba athutha andibuyisele ebuntwaneni bam ngokukhawuleza kuneyeza lebhanana. Njengomntwana osokolayo rhoqo kwindlebe, ndaye ndaziqhelanisa nelo lwelo liqaqambileyo limthubi linencasa efana neelekese, kodwa ngokwenene yayiyintsholongwane. Ukuba ndinezihlandlo ezininzi zokuthambisa i-nostalgic kwivumba leentsuku zam njengomfundisi-ntsapho, kwaye ngoku ungumzali, yenza into ibonakale: Usulelo lwendlebe kunye nobuntwana buhamba ngesandla.

Yintoni usulelo lwendlebe?

Usulelo lwendlebe oluphakathi (i-acute otitis media, okanye i-AOM) kukudumba kwendlebe ephakathi. Kwenzeka xa ulwelo lusakha emva kwendlebe kwaye luhlala lubangelwa ziintsholongwane. Usulelo lwendlebe ebantwaneni luqheleke ngakumbi, kunye I-5 kwabantwana aba-6 Ukufumana ubuncinci ngexesha elinye baneminyaka emi-3 ubudala, kunye neziganeko eziphakamileyo ezenzeka phakathi kweminyaka eyi-6 ukuya kwi-12 yeenyanga.

Ngelixa usulelo lwendlebe lusulelo ngaphakathi kwendlebe, luqala ngosulelo oluphezulu lokuphefumla olubangelwa ziintsholongwane, kubandakanya neentsholongwane zomkhuhlane. Iibhaktheriya okanye iintsholongwane ezivela empumlweni nasemqaleni zihamba ziye kwindlebe esembindini ziye kwi-eardrum (tympanic membrane), zibangele ukonyuka kwemfihlo, ukudumba kunye nentlungu.

Abanye abantwana banomdla wokusuleleka kwindlebe kunabanye. Abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-6, abaya kunonophelo lwemini, abachanabeke kumsi wecuba, abanezinye iimeko zempilo ezinje ngesifuba, indlebe okanye ukuphazamiseka ebusweni, abahlala kwiindawo ezingcolileyo, okanye abasela kwibhotile elele phantsi. umngcipheko wosulelo lwendlebe. Kwakhona, ukunqongophala kokuncancisa okanye i-pneumococcal kunye neentsholongwane zomkhuhlane zonyusa umngcipheko wosulelo lwendlebe. Usulelo lwendlebe lusenokuqhuba kwiintsapho.

Iimpawu zosulelo kwindlebe ebantwaneni

Xa kukho ulwakhiwo ngaphakathi kwindlebe ngaphandle kosulelo, imeko ibizwa ngokuba yi-otitis media nge-effusion. Oku ngokwesiqhelo akubangeli umkhuhlane, ubofu, okanye ukuhambisa amanzi, kodwa kusenokubangela iintlungu kuxinzelelo okanye ezinye iingxaki.

Xa kukho ulwelo endlebeni embindini, indlebe ayinako ukungcangcazela ukuze iimpawu zokuqala onokuthi uziqaphele yimvakalelo yokugcwala kwindlebe esembindini kunye nokuhla kwamandla akho okuva ngendlebe, utshilo uLeann Poston, MD, ugqirha onegalelo kwimpilo ye-Ikon.

Oku kwakha ulwelo kunokuba nzima ngakumbi. Nangaliphi na ixesha ulwelo luhleli luzolile, kanye njengechibi, iibacteria kunye neentsholongwane zinokuqala ukwanda kwinani kwaye zibangele usulelo, utshilo uGqirha Poston.

Abantwana abathetha ngomlomo bangabaxelela abazali babo ngeendlebe-kodwa ngenxa yokuba usulelo lwendlebe luqala ngaphambi kokuba abantwana bakwazi ukuzibonakalisa ngokucacileyo, kubalulekile ukuba abazali bajonge ezinye iimpawu zosulelo lwendlebe. Oku kubandakanya:

Ukutsala / ukutsala ezindlebeni
Umkhuhlane, ngakumbi kwiintsana nakubantwana abancinci
Ingxaki yokulala
Ukuxhalaba / ukucaphuka / ukulila
Unengxaki yokuva / yokungabikho kwempendulo kwizandi ezizolileyo
Ukufunxa ulwelo kwindlebe
Ukuxakeka / iingxaki ngokulinganisela

Kufuneka ndimthathe nini umntwana wam ukuba asulelwe yindlebe?

Usulelo lwendlebe alusoloko lunyanzelekile ukuba utyelele ugqirha, kodwa licebo elihle ukubona umboneleli wezempilo ukuba ukrokrelwa indlebe kukrokrelwa-nokuba nje kukuqinisekisa ukuba iimpawu zibangelwe kukusulelwa yindlebe hayi enye into. Amazinyo, usuleleko lwesono, ukwakha i-earwax, okanye iitoni ezosulelekileyo nako kunokubangela iintlungu kwindlebe ezingabangelwa lusulelo, utshilo uGqirha Poston.

Ukutyelela umboneleli wezempilo (uhlala ugqirha wosapho, ugqirha wabantwana, okanye umongikazi) iyimfuneko ukuba Nantsi lapho:

Umkhuhlane we-102.2 degrees Fahrenheit okanye ngaphezulu kubantwana abadala kuneenyanga ezi-6
Umkhuhlane i-100.4 degrees Fahrenheit okanye ngaphezulu kubantwana abangaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-6
Ukuchithwa, ubofu, okanye ulwelo oluphuma endlebeni
Ukuphulukana nokuva
Intloko ebukhali, intamo elukhuni, okanye umqala obuhlungu
Naluphi na olunye uphawu oluchaphazelekayo okanye olunzima

Kuya kufuneka uphinde ucwangcise ixesha lokuqeshwa ukuba iimpawu zihlala ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu, zisiba mbi, okanye iintlungu azilawuleki ngamayeza e-counter.

Xa undwendwela, umboneleli wezempilo yomntwana wakho uhlala esenza uvavanyo lomzimba ukujonga iimpawu. Umboneleli wezonyango usebenzisa i-otoscope, eyiglasi ekhulisa ityhubhu enesibane, ukujonga umjelo wendlebe kwindlebe, utshilo uGqirha Poston. Ukuba inentsholongwane iya kubonakala ibomvu kwaye idumbile kwaye uhlala ubona ulwelo olutyheli ngasemva kwayo. Ukuba uxinzelelo lusakha kakhulu lunokuthi luphume umngxunya kwindlebe. Oku kunciphisa uxinzelelo kunye nentlungu kwaye ulwelo olosulelekileyo luphuma ngaphandle kwendlebe.

Unyango losulelo lwendlebe ebantwaneni

Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane amiselwe ukuba ulwelo lubonwa emva kwendlebe, usulelo lwendlebe lubuhlungu, okanye umntwana unefiva kunye nentlungu yendlebe, utshilo uGqirha Poston. Ukhetho lokuqala lwee-antibiotics Ngokwesiqhelo Amoxicillin Ngaphandle kokuba une-aleji, usandula ukuba kwi-Amoxicillin, usulelo oluvela rhoqo endlebeni olunganyangekiyo kunyango lwe-Amoxicillin, okanye usulelo lwamehlo losulelo lwendlebe. Umthamo we-Amoxicillin usekwe kubunzima.

Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane akusoloko kuyimfuneko . Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ahlala esetyenziselwa abantwana abafumana usulelo lwendlebe oluqhelekileyo; Nangona kunjalo, ayingabo bonke abantwana abafuna ukunyangwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, utshilo uSoma Mandal, MD, ebhodini oqinisekisiweyo Ingqungquthela yeQela lezoNyango . Uninzi losulelo lwendlebe lunokucoca ngokwabo kunye neentlungu zokuthomalalisa ezinje acetaminophen ingathathwa ukuze incede iintlungu. I-Antibiotic ayidlali ndima kunyango lwentsholongwane yendlebe yentsholongwane, kwaye zinokunxulunyaniswa neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye nokuchasana nokubakho kweyeza. Ezinye iindlela zokuqala zibandakanya cefdinir , cefuroxime , iqeecsime , okanye ceftriaxone .

Phantse iipesenti ezingama-80 zabantwana abanesifo esibuhlungu sendlebe baya kuphila ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Ukuba umntwana akonwabanga kwaphela, okanye ubonakalisa iimpawu zosulelo olubi, umboneleli wezempilo unokucebisa ukulinda okubukhali-ukukhangela iindlebe zomntwana ngamakhefu ukuqinisekisa ukuba ulwelo luzihlalela lodwa. Uphononongo lubonisa ukuba ukulibaziseka kunyango lwe -antibiotic, kunye nokudibana nokulinda, akunyusi amathuba okuba umntwana abe neengxaki ezinzulu. Ukuba usulelo luyintsholongwane, ii-antibiotics aziyi kulunyanga usulelo.

IAmerican Academy yePediatrics Icebisa, Isigqibo sokunganiki unyango lwe -antibiotic kunye nokujonga kufuneka ibe sisigqibo esidibeneyo sonyango kunye nabazali. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, inkqubo yokulandelelana okufutshane kunye neendlela zokuqala i-antibiotics kufuneka zibekhona xa iimpawu ziba nzima okanye akukho phuculo lubonwa kwiiyure ezingama-48 ukuya kuma-72.

Ezinxulumene: Amayeza osulelo lwendlebe kunye nonyango

Ulawulo lweempawu lukhetho ngelixa ulinde usulelo lwendlebe ukuba lucoce ngokwabo. Oku kunokubandakanya:

Intlungu kunye nomkhuhlane amayeza njenge-ibuprofen ( Yimbi , Imotrin ) okanye UTylenol (kubantwana abangaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-6, sebenzisa iTylenol kuphela-ungaze unike umntwana i-Aspirin)
Indlebe yehla indlebe -Funda ileyibhile kwaye uqiniseke ukuba azinazithako ilumkiswe ngokuchasene ne-FDA yabantwana, kwaye uqhagamshelane nomboneleli wezempilo ngaphambi kokusebenzisa amathontsi endlebe. Ukufumana iingcebiso ngendlela yokufaka amathontsi endlebe, jonga oku isifundo ukusuka kwiAmerican Academy of Pediatrics.
Phumla
Ukucoca amanzi ngamanzi nolunye ulwelo

Ezinxulumene: Yeyiphi eyona ntlungu yokunciphisa okanye yokunciphisa umkhuhlane ebantwaneni?

Amagama okulumkisa:

HLOLA ujonge umboneleli wezempilo ngaphambi kokuba unike umntwana ukukhohlela ekhawuntareni, ukubanda, okanye iyeza lokuthambisa. La mayeza anokubangela iziphumo eziyingozi ebantwaneni.
UNGAZE ubeke nantoni na ngaphakathi komsele wendlebe womntwana (ngaphandle kwamaconsi ukuba kucetyiswa ngugqirha womntwana). Oku kubandakanya swabs yomqhaphu, iibhola zomqhaphu, okanye nayiphi na enye into, okanye ulwelo ngaphandle kokuba kuyalelwe yingcali yezempilo.
HLALA ukugqiba ikhosi yezibulala-ntsholongwane, ukuba umiselwe — nokuba umntwana uziva engcono.

Abantwana baya kuhlala beziva bhetele emva kweentsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu, kodwa ulwelo endlebeni lungahlala kangangeeveki ezintathu ukuya kwezintandathu.

Usulelo lwendlebe ayosuleli . Abantwana banokubuyela kwi isikolo okanye indawo yokugcina abantwana wakuba umkhuhlane uphelile kwaye baziva bephilile ngokwaneleyo ukuba bangenza njalo, nokuba sele bekwindlela ye-antibiotics. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye zezifo ezibangela usulelo lwendlebe ziyosulela, ke qiniseka ukuba unobangela wosulelo lwendlebe uyakhathalelwa ngaphambi kokuvumela umntwana kufutshane nabanye abantwana.

Zeziphi ezinye iingxaki ezinokubakho kusulelo lwendlebe?

Uninzi losulelo lwendlebe luya kuphilisa ngaphandle kokukhutshwa, kodwa kukho iingxaki ezinokuvela.

Ukuphulukana nokuva ngenxa yolwelo olude endlebeni, olunokuchaphazela intetho kunye nolwimi kubantwana abancinci
I-eardrum eqhekekileyo , eya kuthi ikhulule uxinzelelo kodwa inokuphilisa ngezicwili ezibomvu. Ukuqhekeka okuninzi kunokubangela iingxaki kwi-membrane vibrations.
Mastoiditis xa usulelo lusasazeka kwiiseli zomoya kwithambo le-mastoid emva kwendlebe. Oku kunokufuna umjelo wokuhlinzwa.

Ukuba iimpawu zomntwana azihambi ngaphakathi kweentsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu, kunye okanye ngaphandle konyango, jonga umboneleli wezempilo. Ukuba ukulandelwa kuyacetyiswa, qiniseka ukuba ukulandela ngokuqeshwa.

Zithini izifo ezenzeka rhoqo endlebeni kwaye ziphathwa njani?

Izifo ezenzeka rhoqo kwindlebe zibangelwa lulwelo oluqhubekayo emva kwendlebe elosuleleka kwakhona, utshilo uGqirha Poston. Abantwana abancinci banamathuba okufumana usulelo lwendlebe oluphindaphindwayo kuba iityhubhu zabo ze-Eustachian (iityhubhu zokuhambisa amanzi ezindlebeni) zombini zithe tyaba kwaye zincinci kububanzi.

Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane awalahli ulwelo emva kwendlebe, kodwa luya kuphelisa uninzi lweentsholongwane. Abantwana abafumana ukosuleleka okungaphezulu kwesithathu kwiinyanga ezintandathu, okanye usulelo lweendlebe ezine kwiinyanga ezili-12, banokufumana iityhubhu ezindlebeni zabo. Ezi tyhubhu zincinci zeplastiki zifakwa kwi-eardrum, zihlala ziphantsi kwe-anesthesia, kwaye zinceda amanzi aphume ngasemva kwe-eardrum. Bafuna ukuhlolwa kwaye bahlala bephuma bodwa emva kweenyanga ezintandathu ukuya kwezilithoba. Ukuba olunye unyango alunamveliso, umboneleli wezempilo okanye indlebe, impumlo, kunye nengcali yomqala unokucebisa ukuba kususwe ii-adenoids zomntwana ukuthintela ukusasazeka kosulelo kwiityhubhu ze-Eustachian.

Ezinxulumene: Ukunyanga indlebe kunye namayeza

Ungaluthintela njani usulelo lwendlebe ebantwaneni

Ngelixa usulelo lwendlebe alunakuthintelwa ngokupheleleyo, kukho iindlela ezithile zokunciphisa umngcipheko onxulumene nawo:

Gcina umsi wecuba kude nabantwana, ngakumbi iintsana. Uphando lubonisa ukuba abantwana abatshaya umsi womntu otshayayo banesifo esingaphezulu sendlebe.
Gcina ugonyo lwabantwana luhlaziyiwe, ngakumbi iipilisi zokugonya ze-pneumococcal kunye ne-influenza (flu).
Sebenzisa ucoceko oluhle lokuhlamba izandla kuwo wonke umntu, kubandakanya nabantwana.
Musa ukufaka ibhotile okanye uvumele abantwana okanye abantwana abancinci ukuba balale (okanye balale) ngebhotile.
Gcina abantwana kude nabantu abagulayo.
Ukuncancisa ibele kuphela iinyanga ezintandathu, kwaye uqhubeke nokuncancisa de umntwana abe neenyanga ezili-12 ubuncinane.