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Izibalo zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo 2021

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Ngaba uziva njani ukuba une-bipolar disorder? Yimeko yokudideka yempilo yengqondo hayi kuphela kubantu abachaphazelekayo kodwa nakwabo babathandayo. Umntu angaya njani ekubeni namandla kwaye abe nethemba ngobomi ngenye imini azive edandathekile kwaye angakhuthazeki kolandelayo?

Isifo seBipolar sisifo esidakumbisayo esinomntu ophakamileyo onokuhlala iintsuku ezilandelwe ludandatheko olukhulu olunokuhlala iiveki. Ukuba uyazibuza ukuba ingaba ezi meko zitshintshayo ziqhelekile okanye zibonakalisa ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, cinga ukuba ngaba la manic-depress aphazamisayo aphazamisa okanye aphazamisa ubomi bakho okanye obabantu abakungqongileyo.

Ukuba ufumene ukuba une-bipolar disorder, awuwedwa. Ezi zibalo zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo zivelisa ukwanda kwesifo sempilo yengqondo, ukuba siyichaphazela njani impilo yomntu ngokubanzi, kunye nenqanaba lokuphumelela konyango.

Yintoni iBipolar Disorder?

Ukuxhuzula , ngaphambili ibisaziwa ngokuba kukudakumba komntu, sisifo esiphazamisayo esibangela utshintsho olukhulu kwiimvakalelo, amandla, kunye nokukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Abantu abanengxaki yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo banamaxesha eemvakalelo ezinamandla kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha, ebizwa ngokuba zii-episodes zemeko yexesha, ezinokuhlala iintsuku ukuya kwiiveki.

Iziqendu zoxinzelelo zineempawu zesifo sokudakumba, ezibangela umntu ukuba azive enamandla wokuba lusizi ngamandla aphantsi kunye nenkuthazo. Iziqendu zeManic zichasene-umntu unokuziva enamandla, ethembeni, kwaye edlamkile-oko kunokukhokelela ekuthathweni kwezigqibo ngokungenangqondo.Uhlobo kunye nokuqina kweempawu zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo kuyahluka kumntu kumntu.

Iindidi zesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo

Iindidi ezintathu eziphambili zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo yi-bipolar I disorder, i-bipolar II disorder, kunye ne-cyclothymic disorder. U-Anna Hindell , LCSW-R, ugqirha wezengqondo osebenza eNew York, ucacisa umahluko phakathi kolunye uhlobo lwesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo.

Ibipolar I:Ebonakaliswe ngeziqendu ze-mania ezihlala ubuncinci iintsuku ezisixhenxe kwaye zinokufuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele. Iziqendu zoxinzelelo ezilandelayo zinokufikelela kwiiveki ezimbini. Ukuba ezi mpawu zenzeka ngaxeshanye, ibizwa ngokuba sisiqendu esidibeneyo.
Ibipolar II: Ichazwe yipatheni yoxinzelelo kunye neziqendu zehomanoman. IHypomania kukuphakama kwesimo esonyusa amandla, ukuphazamiseka, kunye nentetho yoxinzelelo. I-mania ayinamandla njenge-bipolar 1 kodwa iziqendu zokudakumba zinzima kwaye zihlala ixesha elide.
Ingxaki yeCyclothymic: Utshintsho olwenzeka rhoqo phakathi kokutshintsha kwemozulu, okubizwa ngokuba kukuhamba ngebhayisikile ngokukhawuleza. Ukuphakama kuyahambelana neempawu ze-hypomania kwaye i-lows ithambile koxinzelelo oluphakathi. Nge-cyclothymia, amahla ndinyuka ahlala esihla kwaye anokufumana oku kuguquka ixesha elide, isifo iminyaka emibini, utsho uHindell.

Xa bekwinqanaba le-manic ukuba phakathi kwabo kunokuba nzima, utsho UDavid Ezell , LMHC, i-CEO kunye nomsunguli we-Darien Wellness. Batyekele ekubeni namandla angapheliyo, bazibekele inani elikhulu leenjongo, kwaye baneenkolelo ngeziqu zabo ezingeyonyani okanye ezingenakwenzeka ukuba abantu baziphumeze.

Kwelinye icala, xa befumana uxinzelelo lwemo yabo badla ngokuchaseneyo ngokubhekisele kwiimvakalelo. Abafuni kwenza nantoni na, bathambekele ekuyekiseni abantu kwaye bangabinabomi. Ngenxa yoko, abantu bayarhoxa kubo, utshilo u-Ezell.

Ngaba ixhaphake kangakanani ingxaki ebipolar?

Ehlabathini lonke, abantu abazizigidi ezingama-46 kwihlabathi liphela bane-bipolar disorder. (Ilizwe lethu kwiDatha, ngo-2018)
Olunye uphononongo lwamazwe ali-11 lufumanise ukuba ubukho beengxaki zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okungaqhelekanga yayingu-2.4%. I-US yayine-1% yokuxhaphaka kohlobo lwe-bipolar I, olwaluphezulu kakhulu kunamanye amazwe kolu phando. ( Inkqubela phambili kwezonyango kwiPsychopharmacology , 2018)
Qho ngonyaka, kuqikelelwa ukuba yi-2.8% yabantu abadala base-US abane-bipolar disorder diagnostic (IHarvard Medical School, 2007).
Kuzo zonke iingxaki zemood, abo banesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okufumaniseke benamathuba aphezulu okuchongwa njengonobungozi (82.9%). ( Oovimba abagcina ubuchwephesha bengqondo (2005)
Ukuxhaphaka konyaka ophelileyo kokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okufana nabantu basetyhini kunye nabesilisa (i-2.8% kunye ne-2.9% ngokwahlukeneyo). (Iziko leSizwe lezeMpilo yeNgqondo, 2017)

Izibalo zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo ngokobudala

Umndilili weminyaka yokuqalisa yiminyaka engama-25 ubudala. (UManyano kaZwelonke lokugula ngengqondo, 2017)
Abantu abaneminyaka eli-18 ukuya kuma-29 ubudala babenamazinga aphezulu okuphazamiseka kwengqondo (4.7%) kulandelwa abaneminyaka engama-30 ukuya kwengama-44 ubudala (3.5%) ukusukela ngo-2001-2003. (Isikolo seHarvard Medical, 2007)
Abantu abangama-60 nangaphezulu babenamaqondo asezantsi esifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo (0.7%) ukusukela ngo-2001-2003. (Isikolo seHarvard Medical, 2007)
Kuphela yi-2.9% yabakwishumi elivisayo ababenengxaki yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo njenge-2001-2004, uninzi lwabo lwalunesiphene esibi. ( Oovimba abagcina ubuchwephesha bengqondo (2005)

Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunye nempilo iyonke

Ngokomndilili, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo kuphumela kwiminyaka eyi-9.2 yokuncitshiswa kwexesha lokuphila elilindelekileyo (kwiZiko leSizwe lezeMpilo yeNgqondo, i-2017).
Umngcipheko wokuzibulala uphezulu kubantu abane-bipolar disorder nge-15% ukuya kwi-17% yokuzibulala. (IZiko loNcedo lwaNyango)
Ukuya kuthi ga kwiipesenti ezingama-60 zabantu abanengxaki yokugula ngengqondo, kubandakanya nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo, baphuhlise ukuphazamiseka kokusebenzisa iziyobisi. (WebMD, 2006)
Kulabo abane-bipolar disorder, uninzi lwazo lubika imeko ezenzeka ngokuhlangeneyo zempilo, ezixhaphakileyo njenge-migraine, i-asthma, kunye ne-cholesterol ephezulu. Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo se-thyroid, kunye ne-osteoarthritis nazo zachongwa njengobuninzi beengxaki zempilo ezinokubakho. ( Ijenali yaseBritane yoNyango, Ngo-2014)

Ukunyanga ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo

Ngelishwa, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo kushiye kunganyangwa kwesiqingatha sabantu abachongiweyo kuwo nawuphi na unyaka. Nangona kungekho lunyango, u-Ezell uthi lolona lungileyo Isicwangciso sonyango se-bipolar disorder Yindibaniselwano yamayeza kunye nonyango lokuqonda.

Amayeza avumela umxhasi ukuba abe noxinzelelo oluzinzileyo kwaye abone izinto ngokucacileyo, utshilo uEzell. Xa bekwazi ukuba namava azinzileyo ngokweemvakalelo bavulelekile ngakumbi ukuba baqale kwaye banamathele kunyango. Unyango lubanceda baqonde iingcinga zabo kwaye baqale ukwahlula phakathi kweengcinga ezichanekileyo ngokuchasene neengcinga eziveliswa yimeko yabo.

Nje ukuba uphathwe ngamayeza, ihlala iqinisa imeko, kwaye mhlawumbi ichaze uxinzelelongohlobo lwe-bipolar 2, abantu banokusebenza okuphezulu kwihlabathi, utshilo uHindell. Abantu abaninzi abane-bipolar diagnostic babamba imisebenzi yesiqhelo, ngabazali, bayaphumelela, kwaye bahlala ubomi obuqhelekileyo.Oko kuthethiweyo, amayeza ahlala efuneka ukulawula ukungalawuleki kwemood.Unyango ngengqondo luyafuneka ukunceda ukufumana ukuqonda kwiipateni zikabani, iimoods, ukuzuzaUkuqonda ukuba umntu uba ngumqondiso nini.