Ukujonga amayeza e-ADHD? Isikhokelo sakho kunyango lwe-ADHD yabantu abadala

Imfundo yezeMpilo

Wonke umntu u-ADD omncinci. Okanye ke ilizwi lihamba. Ukuba wakha wasokola ukuhlala emsebenzini, okanye ukugqiba iiprojekthi ngexesha, usenokuzibuza ukuba kuyinyani na oko. Ukuba awuzange ufunyaniswe unengxaki yokungakwazi ukusebenza kakuhle (ADHD okanye i-ADD) njengomntwana, kunokuba nzima ukwazi xa ukuphazamiseka kunqumla ukusuka ekucaphukiseni, ukuya kwimpawu yengxaki yempilo. Ukuchongwa kwe-ADHD-kunye nonyango ngamayeza abantu abadala e-ADHD kubalulekile ukuze uqhubeke usebenza xa iimfuno zomsebenzi okanye ubomi bakho buqala ukufumba.

I-ADHD ijongeka njani kubantu abadala?

I-ADHD ayisiyiyo ingxaki yobuntwana kunye nokufikisa. Ngokophando olupapashwe kwi Ijenali yaseMelika yoNyango Ukuxhaphaka kwabantu abadala abane-ADHD kwihlabathi liphela kujikeleze iipesenti ezintlanu. Ukubeka loo nto kwimeko, ngokutsho kwamaZiko oLawulo lweZifo, ukuxhaphaka kwe-Autism Spectrum Disorder kuphakathi kwe-1% ukuya kwi-2%.

Kodwa yintoni kanye kanye i-ADHD? Inkqubo ye- IZiko leSizwe lezeMpilo yeNgqondoh ichaza njengengxaki yengqondo egxile kukungakhathalelwa, ukungasebenzi kakuhle, kunye nokungxamiseka. Ichaphazela ukusebenza kwengqondo okuphezulu, okukhokelela kwingxaki yokungalungelelanisi, inkumbulo, ukuzithemba okuphantsi, ukukwazi ukugxila, ukulawulwa kwexesha, kunye nokuqwalaselwa kweenkcukacha. Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kubonakala ngakumbi ebantwaneni, kodwa abantu abadala abadidayo okanye abazive bengonwabanga ngaphakathi banokuba necandelo le-hyperactive.

Njengoninzi lwezifo zengqondo, iimpawu ze-ADHD zikhona kunye nokubonakala; Kwilizwe langoku kwimidiya yoluntu kunye nomjikelo weendaba weyure ezingama-24, wonke umntu unengxaki yokujonga. UDuane Gordon, umongameli we UMbutho weNgxaki yoThintelo (ADDA), inethiwekhi enkulu yabantu abadala yokuxhasa i-ADHD kweli lizwe, icacisa umahluko. Ngaba ichaphazela kakubi umgangatho wobomi bakho ngendlela ongenakuyibuyisela? uthi. Ke, umzekelo, ukuba awukwazi ukugqibezela incwadi kuba uxakeke kakhulu kukudlala imidlalo yevidiyo, uGordon ucacisa ukuba ayisiyonto enkulu leyo. Ukuba ufuna-okanye ufuna-ukuyifundela le ncwadi ngeprojekthi emsebenzini kwaye akukho sixa kugxilwe kuso okanye iindlela ezizodwa ezikuncedayo, oko kunokuba luphawu lwento enkulu kuneziphazamiso eziqhelekileyo. UGordon uchaza i-ADHD njengemeko engapheliyo ongenakulawula kuyo.

Ezinxulumene : Iintsomi ze-ADHD kunye nemibono ephosakeleyo

Ukuchonga i-ADHD yabantu abadala

Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba une-ADHD, uGordon ucebisa kakhulu ukuba ulandele isifo esisemthethweni kwisazi sengqondo okanye enye ingcali yezempilo yengqondo. Esinye sezizathu eziphambili zoku kungenxa yokuba uninzi lweengxaki zemood (kubandakanya ukudakumba, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, ukuphazamiseka koxinzelelo kunye ne-apnea yokulala) zilingisa iimpawu ze-ADHD.

Kubalulekile ukuba ufumane uxilongo olufanelekileyo kugqirha ongaphandle kogqirha wosapho lwakho, kuba malunga neepesenti ezingama-80 zabantu abane-ADHD banengxaki yesibini, utshilo uRussell Barkley, uprofesa wezonyango kwiziko lezonyango eVirginia Treatment Center yaBantwana kunye neVirginia Commonwealth University Medical Iziko.

Luthini unyango lwabantu abadala abane-ADHD?

UGqr. Russell ukwangumbhali we Ukuthatha uxanduva lwe-ADHD yabantu abadala kwaye Xa Umntu Omdala Omthandayo Ene-ADHD . Uthi kukho amanyathelo amahlanu kwiprothokholi yonyango ye-ADHD ayicebisayo kubantu abadala abazama ukumisela ukuba banengxaki na:

• Uvavanyo
• Imfundo
• Amayeza
• Indawo yokuhlala
• Ukulungiswa

Ngokuka-ADDA, kwingqesho yakho yovavanyo , ugqirha wakho uya kukunika uvavanyo olupheleleyo lomzimba kunye nolwengqondo, kunye nenani lezikali ezahlukeneyo zokulinganisa isifo. Inyathelo elilandelayo yimfundo. Ugqirha Barkley ufanisa oku nesifo seswekile-kubalulekile ukuba ubenakho kwaye ufunde isifo sakho se-ADHD kuba ayizukuhamba xa ungayihoyi. Inyathelo lesithathu-amayeza e-ADHD-abalulekile kuba akukho nto isebenza ngakumbi kunamayeza e-ADHD kubantu abadala, ngokukaGqirha Barkley. Ukuba senza uthelekiso entloko ukuya entloko, amayeza aya kubetha nakuphi na ukungenelela kwengqondo ngokwasentathu, utshilo.

Loluphi olona nyango lwabantu abadala lwe-ADHD?

Amayeza e-ADHD awela kwiindidi ezimbini: ezikhuthazayo kunye nezingavuseleliyo. Ngokwesiqhelo, abaguli banikwa izikhuthazi ezimiselweyo kuba zizonke zithathwa njengezona zisebenzayo. Izinto ezingavuseleliyo zisetyenziswa njengonyango lodidi lwesibini kwaye ukuba kukho naziphi na izinto ezibalaseleyo okanye unxunguphalo olubalulekileyo, zinto ezo ezinokuba mandundu ngakumbi.

Amayeza e-ADHD akhuthazayo kubantu abadala

Ngokubhekisele ekuvuseleleni, utshilo uGqirha Barkley, zimbini kuphela kwaye bezikho amashumi eminyaka: i-amphetamines kunye ne-methylphenidate. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ii-amphetamines (ezinje Adderall ) kunye ne-methylphenidate (njenge URitalin ) zihlelwa yi-FDA njengeShedyuli 2 iziyobisi, okuthetha ukuba zinokuba likhoboka, xa zithathwe ngokungafanelekanga, kodwa akufuneki ukuba zide zibe zithathwa njengoko kumiselwe. Ukutshintsha kwemozulu, ukungalali, kunye nokwehla kobunzima zizinye zeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango.

Njengoko uGqirha Barkley ekhankanyile, ezi ntlobo zimbini zezikhuthazi bezikho amashumi eminyaka, kodwa yintoni entsha ngeendlela zabo zokuhambisa. Ngaphambili, izikhuthazi zazinesiqingatha sobomi obufutshane kakhulu, ezifuna ukuba izigulana zithathe amayeza rhoqo emva kweeyure ezi-3 ukuya ku-4 ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza. Ngoku, nasiphi na isikhuthazi se-ADHD esine -XR, -LR, okanye -SR esiphelweni segama saso sibonisa ixesha lokukhululwa elandisiweyo, ukuvumela amayeza ukuba ahlale ixesha elide kwigazi lesigulana ngaphandle kokophuka ngokukhawuleza emzimbeni.

Kukho iyeza elibizwa ngokuba Ikonsathi , eneenkqubo ezizodwa zokuhanjiswa kweziyobisi ezivumela ukuba i-methylphenidate ikhutshwe ngaphezulu kwexesha le-12. Okokugqibela, iDaytrana-ikwanayo ne-methylphenidate-inokunxitywa eluswini ngeqhekeza. Oku kuya kuthi kumiselwe kwizigulana ezithi bajongane nemingeni ukuthatha iyeza izihlandlo ezininzi ngemini.

Unyango olungasebenziyo lwe-ADHD kubantu abadala

Amachiza angakhuthaziyo amiselwe i-ADHD asebenza malunga neepesenti ezingama-75 zabantu, utshilo uGqirha Barkley, kodwa azomelelanga okanye azisebenzi kakuhle. Umahluko kukuba la mayeza awamlutha kwaphela, kwaye ngokubanzi angcono kwizigulana ezinembali yokusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi, ukuphazamiseka koxinzelelo, okanye isifo se-tic. Ichiza lokuqala iatomoxetine, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi IStrattera , Imiselwe abantwana kunye nabantu abadala, kodwa ngokwelebhile ye-FDA, izizathu ezichanekileyo zokusebenza kwazo aziwa .

Udidi lwesibini lwezinto ezingezizo ezokuvuselela amandla ekuqaleni yayilunyango lwexinzelelo lwegazi-uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu olwafunyanwa luneempawu zengqondo. Ezi zimbini ziyafumaneka clonidine ( IKapvay ) kunye guanfacine ( Ulwazelelo ). IKapvay yamkelwe kuphela yi-FDA kunyango lwe-ADHD kubantwana nakwishumi elivisayo . Ngokufanayo, Ulwazelelo ikwavunyiwe yi-FDA yabantwana nakwishumi elivisayo, kodwa zombini iindidi zamayeza zisetyenziswa ngaphandle kwelebheli ngabantu abadala ngenjongo enye. Ezi ziyobisi zesithathu, u-Barkley uthe, kuba behlisa uxinzelelo lwegazi, ekuthi, ukuba sele unalo uxinzelelo lwegazi, ayisiyonto intle.

Olunye unyango lwabantu abadala lwe-ADHD

Indawo yokuhlala yabantu abadala abane-ADHD

Isinyathelo sesine sendlela kaGqirha Barkley kunyango lwe-ADHD yindawo yokuhlala, ayichazayo njengokufunda ukulungisa kwakhona imeko-bume engqongileyo-mhlawumbi ngoncedo lomqeqeshi we-ADHD-ukuze ungakhubazeki kwimeko yakho. Abaqeqeshi be-ADHD baqinisekiswa yi-International Coach Federation kunye Umbutho wobungcali kubaqeqeshi be-ADHD ngubani onokukunceda kwimiceli mngeni yokusebenza enokuthi ujongane nayo. Ezinye iindlela zokulwa nazo zibandakanya:

• Ukuthatha ibhola yoxinzelelo kwintlanganiso
• Ukwenza indawo yokwenza umthambo rhoqo
• Ukunyanga kokuziphatha kunye neendlela ezisekwe engqondweni
• Ukulala ngokwaneleyo

Uqeqesho lobuchopho kubantu abadala abane-ADHD

Inqanaba lesihlanu, nelokugqibela, linyathelo lokulungiswa kweempawu zakho, mhlawumbi ngenkqubo yoqeqesho lobuchopho njengeLumosity, okanye ukucamngca rhoqo. Ugqirha Barkley wagxininisa ukuba ngelixa olu lunyango olukhulu ekufuneka lulandelwe, banamazinga okuphumelela asezantsi, yiyo loo nto kudwelisiwe okokugqibela.

Ngaphezu kwayo nantoni na, ungazami ukuthetha-thethana ngolu hambo lokufumanisa isifo wedwa. Ukufumana iqela elifanelekileyo lokukuxhasa, kubasebenzi bezempilo kunye nabantu abadala abane-ADHD kubantu obathandayo kunye namalungu osapho, kuya kuhamba indlela ende ekuncedeni ukuba uzive ulilolo lodwa kunye nokwenza ukhetho olufanelekileyo.