Ngaba ufuna isikhuthazi semasisi?
Imfundo yezeMpiloAmathuba kukuba, unokufumana isitofu sokuthintela imasisi okanye unemasisi xa wawusengumntwana. Ukuqhambuka kwemasisi eUnited States -ngaphezulu kwe-1,200 yamasisi kwimimandla engama-31 ithi ngo-2019, ngokuka Amaziko oLawulo lweZifo noThintelo (CDC) -uye washiya abanye abantu bexhalabile malunga nenqanaba lokuzikhusela kwimasisi. Ngethamsanqa, ii-booster shots ziyafumaneka kwabo bazifunayo, kwaye abanye abantu abadala bafuna enye idosi. Ngaba wena umgqatswa wesitofu sokuthintela imasisi-mumps-rubella (isitofu sokugonya seMMR)?
Yintoni iMMR?
Isitofu sokuthintela imasisi sisebenza ngokubangela impendulo kumkhosi wamajoni omzimba ukwenza izilwa-buhlungu ezichasene nezifo ezintathu zentsholongwane: imasisi, uqwilikana kunye nerubella.
Iimpawu zentsholongwane yemasisi zibandakanya ifiva ethe chu, irhashaza lamabala abomvu aphakanyisiweyo, kunye nokuphakamisa amabala amhlophe-mhlophe emlonyeni. Olona phawu lubonakalayo lwentsholongwane yoqwilikana kukudumba kwamadlala amathe okanye parotid. Iimpawu zerubella zibandakanya irhashalala yobuso, amadlala adumbileyo kunye namalungu, kunye nomkhuhlane ophantsi.
Ukuxubana kwezi ntsholongwane kubi kakhulu kwaye kususela kwinyumoniya, ukulahleka kwendlebe, ukuxhuzula, ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha okanye iziphene zokuzalwa ngamanye amaxesha ukufa. Ngethamsanqa, zonke zizifo ezinokuthintelwa ngokugonya. Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba ufuna i-booster yeMMR, sebenzisa isikhokelo sethu esingezantsi ukufumana.
Ngubani ofuna isikhuthazi semasisi?
Ukuba wazalwa ngaphambi kowe-1957 , mhlawumbi awudingi ukungxama uye kwiofisi yakho yomboneleli wezempilo ukuze udubule, utsho UJohn M. Townes, MD , umlawuli wezonyango kuthintelo losuleleko kunye nolawulo kwiYunivesithi yaseOregon yezeMpilo kunye nezeNzululwazi ePortland, eOregon.
Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kuka-1957 kuthathwa njengobungqina bokungakhuseleki, utshilo uGqirha Townes. Imasisi iyosulela kangangokuba (ngelo xesha) phantse wonke umntu wayifumana.
Nabani na omncinci, ubungqina bokungakhuseleki (obubungqina bokuba unayo intsholongwane okanye ufumene ugonyo lweMMR) akunakuba lula kangako.
Ukuba ufumene ugonyo lwemasisi phakathi kuka-1963 no-1967 , amayeza okugonya amabini ebekhona: isitofu sokugonya esiphilayo esinganyangekiyo kunye nesitofu sokugonya esingasebenziyo. Isitofu sokugonya esingasebenziyo besingasebenzi kakuhle, utsho UJohn Lynch, MD , kwiZiko leZonyango laseHarborview kwiSebe loThintelo losuleleko kunye noLawulo eSeattle. Ngelishwa, uninzi lwabantu alwazi ukuba loluphi na abalufumeneyo. Ukuba uwela kolu luhlu (okanye ucinga ukuba unakho kodwa awuqinisekanga), ucebisa ukuba uthethe nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba olunye ugonyo lububulumko na. Olunye ukhetho, uthi, kukujonga ii-antibodies zakho. Olu luvavanyo lwegazi olulula (aka titer) oluya kukuxelela ukuba awukhuselekanga kwimasisi. Ukuba impendulo nguhayi, kuyakufuneka uphinde ugonywe, ugqirha uLynch ucacisa.
Emva ko-1967 , isitofu sokugonya esingasebenziyo sayeka ukubakho — oko kuthetha ukuba bonke abantwana bafumana iyeza lokugonya elisebenzayo, nelisebenzayo. Nangona kunjalo, kude kube ngo-1989, kwakufuneka idosi enye ye-MMR, utshilo uGqirha Townes. Ngelo xesha, i-CDC yaqala ukucebisa iidosi ezimbini zokugonya zeMMR (idosi yokuqala enikwe kwiinyanga ezili-12 ubudala ilandelwa yidosi eyongezelelweyo phakathi kweminyaka emi-4 ukuya ku-6) kuba inyuse ukusebenza ukusuka kuma-93% ukuya kuma-97%. Ke ngoko, kukho ithuba lokuba abanye abantu bagonywe ngaphambi kowe-1989 baswele ukhuseleko olupheleleyo. Kodwa le ayisiyonto iqinisekileyo-uninzi lwangaphambi kowe-1989ers zilungile ngokugqibeleleyo kuba nokuba ukudubula kokuqala kwenza iqhinga okanye ngenxa yokuba bafumene idosi yesibini yeyeza lokugonya le-MMR ngaxa lithile (ngaphambi kokuba baye ekholejini, umzekelo).
Ngaba awuqinisekanga ukuba wenzeni? Elona khondo lilungileyo lokusebenza kukufikelela kwiirekhodi zokugonywa, utshilo uBryan Goodin, umphathi wezempilo wabasebenzi Impilo yeLifa ePortland, eOregon. Kuxhomekeka ekubeni ugonywe nini, ugqirha wakho unokuba nazo. Kwaye uninzi lwamazwe agcina irejista yokugonywa ngokunjalo.
Ezinye izinto ezinobungozi
Okokugqibela, iingcali zigxininisa ukuba ngelixa ubudala kunye nonyaka wokugonya uxelela ngokuqinisekileyo, ayisiyiyo kuphela imeko ekufuneka uyiqwalasele xa usenza isigqibo sokuba ngaba kufuneka idosi yokunyusa.
Amaqela asemngciphekweni omkhulu kufuneka abenayo (okanye abonise ukuba banayo) idosi yesibini, ucacisa uGqirha Townes. Ngokutsho kwe-CDC , aba basebenzi bezempilo, abahambi bamazwe aphesheya, kunye nabasetyhini abakwiminyaka yokuzala abanenjongo yokukhulelwa banomngcipheko owandayo wokufumana iintsholongwane.
Ukuba awukwazi ukufumana iirekhodi zakho kwaye awuzange uphakamise izihloko, enye inketho kukuqhubeka nje kwaye ufumane ukudubula. Kukhuselekile ngokugqibeleleyo kwaye kwamkelekile ukuphinda isitofu sokugonya, utshilo uGoodin.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-MMR booster zincinci kwaye zibandakanya ukucaphuka kwendawo yenaliti, ukuqina ngokudibeneyo, umkhuhlane kunye nerhashalala. Nangona kunqabile, ukusabela okugwenxa kunokwenzeka ngoko ke ungafumani sitofu sokugonya seMMR ukuba ngaba uxabana neomycin.
Zeziphi ezinye izinto zokukhuthaza ezifunwa ngabantu abadala?
Inkqubo ye- I-CDC icebisa ezi zitofu zilandelayo zokugonya abantu abadala kunye nabantu abadala:
- Iipilisi zentsholongwane papilloma (HPV)
- Umkhuhlane
- Ukukrala kwemiphunga
- Izibophelelo
- I-Tetanus, diphtheria, kunye ne-pertussis booster (yonke iminyaka eli-10)
Ukuba ukwiqela elinomngcipheko omkhulu unokufuna ugonyo lwe-hepatitis okanye i-meningitis ngokunjalo. Fumanisa ukuba zeziphi izitofu onokuthi uzigcine xa usebenzisa i-SingleCare Apha .
