Ngaba amayeza enziwe afana nalawo aveliswe ngumenzi alungile njengamayeza egama?
Ulwazi lweziyobisi Kukho umahluko ophambili we-3: Ixabiso, izinto ezingasebenziyo, kunye nembonakaloIgama lebrand ngokuchasene neziyobisi eziqhelekileyo | I-Biosimilar vs. | Nini ukukhetha generic | Nini ukukhetha uphawu
Unentloko ebuhlungu kwaye ke uya evenkile yamayeza ukhangela isiqabu. Ukhetho lukhulu kakhulu. Ukuba ukhetha i-counter-counter-counter ibuprofen , okanye uhambe nohlobo lwegama elaziwayo njengeAdvil okanye iMotrin? Ukuba ungacela umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba amisele iLipitor, okanyei-atorvastatin ilungile nje?Amagama eebhendi axhaswa ngabantu abakhulu, abaphumeleleyo ekwenzeni iziyobisi ngoososayensi abahlawulwa kakuhle. Iimveliso zabo zeziyobisi kufuneka zibengaphezulu kuneempawu zemveliso yohlobo oluqhelekileyo, akunjalo? Kodwa ixabiso likunika ikhefu. Amanye amagama eebhendi axabisa phantse iphindwe kabini kunaleyo yamandulo. Nguwuphi omele ukhethe?
Ngokwe- Ulawulo lwezoKutya kunye noLawulo lweziyobisi (FDA), amayeza enziwe afana nalawo enziwe ngumenzi ayenziwa ukuba afane neli sele lithengisiwe igama lesiyobisi kwifom yedosi, ukhuseleko, amandla, indlela yolawulo, umgangatho, ukusebenza kweempawu, kunye nokusetyenziswa okujolisiweyo. Amachiza enziwe afana nalawo aveliswe ngumenzi aqukethe izithako ezisebenzayo ezifanayo nezo zegama lophawu, kwaye ke ngoko zinezibonelelo ezifanayo, umngcipheko kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ngo-2016, amanqaku ophando malunga 90% amayeza amiselweyo kweli lizwe enzelwe amayeza enziwe ngohlobo oluthile.
Ngaba amayeza enziwe afana nalawo aveliswe ngumenzi alungile njengamayeza egama?
Ewe, zitsho iingcali. Ngapha koko, nye ukufunda Ukujonga ngaphezulu kwe-3,500 yabantu bafumanise ukuba abo bathathe iinguqulelo eziqhelekileyo zamayeza kagqirha kwizigulo ezinganyangekiyo isifo seswekile , igazi elonyukayo , kunye ukudakumba baneziphumo ezilinganayo zeklinikhi xa kuthelekiswa nabo bathatha iimveliso zegama lophawu.
Ixabiso eliphantsi alithethi mgangatho usezantsi, utshilo uJawad N. Saleh, Pharm.D., Umphathi weklinikhi weenkonzo zekhemesti e Isibhedlele soNyango olukhethekileyo kwisiXeko saseNew York. Amayeza enziwe afana nalawo enziwe afana nalawo enziwe afana nalawo aveliswe ngokwemigangatho akwimigangatho efanayo yokuvelisa njengamayeza egama lophawu.
Phambi kokuba bangenise iyeza elenziwe lafana noluqhelekileyo kwimarike, i-FDA ifuna ukuba abavelisi beziyobisi bangenise oko kubizwa ngokuba yi isicelo esifinyeziweyo samachiza (ANDA). Xa kuphuhliswa ichiza elitsha elinegama lophawu, umphuhlisi walo kufuneka angqine kwi-FDA ukuba ikhuselekile kwaye iyasebenza, uyacacisa UBrittany Riley, uGqirha D. , Unjingalwazi onxulumene neklinikhi kwiMarshall University School of Pharmacy eHuntington, eWest Virginia. Inkqubo yokuvunywa ishunqulelwe kumachiza enziwe afana nalawo aveliswe ngumenzi, kuba inkampani yeziyobisi iyafuneka nje ukuba iqinisekise ukuba ichiza linento efanayo esebenzayo, amandla, ifom yedosi, kunye nendlela yolawulo. Ngamanye amagama, kuya kufuneka ibonakalise ukuba iyahambelana negama legama lesiyobisi. Izityalo zemveliso generic kufuneka zigqithise kwimigangatho efanayo yomgangatho njengezityalo ezenza igama lophawu.
Nguwuphi umahluko phakathi kwegama lophawu kunye neziyobisi eziqhelekileyo?
Ngokusisiseko, zintathu: ixabiso, izinto ezingasebenziyo, kunye nembonakalo.
Ixabiso
Ngokwe-FDA, amayeza enziwe afana nalawo enziwe ngumenzi angaxabisa ukuya kuthi ga kwiipesenti ezingama-85 ngaphantsi kwegama elifana nalo. Ithegi yamaxabiso asezantsi ibangelwe kukuba abavelisi bakajenerikhi akufuneki benze zonke iimvavanyo zeklinikhi ezibiza kakhulu ezibonisa ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza okufanelekileyo ukuba abavelisi begama lophawu ngaphambi kokuba bafumane imvume ye-FDA. Ngaphezulu, abavelisi bamachiza enziwe afana nalawo aveliswe ngumenzi ngokwesiqhelo abayihlawuli imali eninzi yokwenza uphawu kunye nentengiso yemveliso.
Amachiza anegama lebrendi aphantsi kwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi kangangeminyaka engama-20. Emva kwelo xesha, abavelisi baphulukana nokuzikhethela kwabo kuyo. Ngelo xesha, iinkampani ezininzi zinokuzisa iyeza elenziwe lafana noluqhelekileyo kwimarike, oko ke kudala ukhuphiswano lwamaxabiso.
Amanye amachiza aqhelekileyo aqhelekileyo kunye negama labo lophawu lwamagama afana nala:
| Thelekisa amaxabiso egama lophawu oludumileyo kunye neziyobisi eziqhelekileyo | ||
|---|---|---|
| Igama lebrand | Igama lesiqhelo | Ixabiso |
| Ambien | zolpidem | Thelekisa amaxabiso |
| Ativan | mzantsi | Thelekisa amaxabiso |
| UFlonase | fluticasone | Thelekisa amaxabiso |
| Iswekile yeglucophage | metformin | Thelekisa amaxabiso |
| Iprilosec | omeprazole | Thelekisa amaxabiso |
| Iproventil | albuterol | Thelekisa amaxabiso |
| Wellbutrin | bupropion | Thelekisa amaxabiso |
| Xanax | alprazolam | Thelekisa amaxabiso |
Izinto ezingasebenziyo
Izithako ezingasebenziyo ziidayi, izinto ezisigcinayo, kunye nabavelisi bokuzalisa abasebenzisa iziyobisi zabo. Abanaxabiso lonyango. Intsingiselo, ayichaphazeli ukuba ichiza liyiphatha kakuhle njani imeko yonyango oyithathayo. Kwaye, zinokwahluka phakathi kwamachiza enziwe afana nalawo aveliswe ngumenzi nanjenge brand.
Inkangeleko
Enkosi kwimithetho yophawu lwentengiso kunye neenkxalabo zokufaka uphawu lokushicilela, oosinga machiza kufuneka bajonge ngokwahlukileyo kunabalingani begama labo. Banokuba ngumbala owahlukileyo okanye babe nencasa eyahlukileyo. Kodwa lo mahluko awuyi kuchaphazela ukusebenza kwesiyobisi ngokubanzi.
Nguwuphi umahluko phakathi kwe-biosimilar kunye neziyobisi eziqhelekileyo?
Ukuqonda ukuba yintoni ichiza le-biosimilar, kufuneka kuqala uqonde ukuba yintoni isiyobisi se-biologic. I-Biologics ngamachiza aveliswe okanye aqukethe izinto eziphilayo (cinga iiproteni, iiseli, iDNA, okanye izinto zegazi). Izitofu zokunyanga kunye nezinye iindlela zonyango zehomoni yimizekelo yeziyobisi ze-biologic.
Ngokungafaniyo namachiza enziwe afana nalawo enziwa ngumenzi, ekufuneka enezithako ezisebenzayo ezifanayo nezo zegama lophawu, iziyobisi ze-biosimilar yile nto i-FDA ibiza ngokufana kakhulu nesiyobisi esele sivunyiwe se-FDA se-biologic (esibizwa ngokuba yimveliso yesalathiso). Kodwa banokuba neyantlukwano encinci. Ngamanye amagama, ngokungafaniyo neegeneric, azifani kwichiza abalilandelayo. Umzekelo, iCyltezo (adalimumab-adbm) yamkelwe yi-FDA njenge-biosimilar yeHumira (adalimumab) ukunyanga isifo samathambo.
U-biosimilar kufuneka aziphathe ngendlela eyahlukileyo enentsingiselo kwichiza elinegama lophawu, ucacisa uGqirha Riley. Kodwa ngenxa yendlela amachiza e-biologic aveliswa ngayo [kwizinto eziphilayo], kunganzima ukwenza i-generics (ezifanayo ngekhemikhali) kubo. Ke ngoko, i-FDA yenze indlela ye-biosimilar, enceda ukunciphisa iindleko ezinxulunyaniswa neearhente zebhayoloji, ezo zixabisa kakhulu ngamayeza. Ziyafana neegeneric, kuba zihlala zingabizi kakhulu kunezinye zebhayoloji.
Kutheni le nto kufuneka ukhethe amayeza aqhelekileyo?
Nokuba ukhetha ichiza elenziwa lafana nalawo aveliswe ngumenzi okanye elenza igama liya kuthi lisehle kwixabiso, ukhuseleko lweinshurensi yezempilo, kunye nokukhethwa komntu okanye kukumisela.
Ixabiso
Njengoko sele kutshiwo apha ngasentla, amayeza enziwe afana nalawo enziwe ngumenzi angaxabisa kakhulu kunamagama afanayo nophawu lwegama. Umzekelo, igama lophawu I-Ambien linokubiza ngaphezulu kwama-600 eedola kunikezelo lwenyanga, ngelixa i-generic zolpidem inokubiza imali encinci njenge- $ 60 yemali efanayo. Nge-SingleCare, unokufumana ixabiso eliphantsi kakhulu elijikeleze i- $ 30!
Ukuhlawulwa kweinshurensi
Ngenxa yokuba amayeza enziwe afana nalawo aveliswe ngumenzi abiza ixabiso eliphantsi, izicwangciso zeinshurensi zikulungele ukuzigubungela. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-copay yakho iya kufikeleleka ngakumbi ukuba umboneleli wakho wezempilo umisela ichiza elenziwa lafana neliqhelekileyo endaweni yegama lophawu. Kuphononongo lwakutshanje, abaphandi bathelekisa i-Medicare Icandelo D lokugubungela ngaphezulu kwe-1,300 yeziyobisi eziqhelekileyo kunye negama lophawu kwaye bakufumanisa oko I-84% yezicwangciso zigutyungelwe kuphela iziyobisi eziqhelekileyo Ngelixa i-0.9% igutyungelwe kuphela amagama anegama (i-15% igutyungelwe zombini). Ukuba iindleko ngumba, unganqikazi ukubuza umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba ngaba kukho enye indlela ekhoyo.
Ukukhetha / ukukhethwa komntu okhethiweyo
Imithetho yelizwe inokwahluka, kodwa ukuba ukhetha ukonga imali, myalele umgqatswa wakho ukuba abonise into evumelekileyo kummiselo okanye ubhale iyeza elinegama elenziwe lafana nelo. Ukuba kukho amayeza enziwe afana nalawo enziwe afana nalawo enziwe afana nalawo aveliswe ngumenzi, usokhemesti uya kugcwalisa amayeza enu enziwe nalawo aveliswe ngumenzi. Ungahlala ubuza usokhemesti ngaphambi kokuba kugcwaliswe amayeza akho, ukuba unemibuzo kumaxabiso kunye nokufumaneka kwezinye iindlela zohlobo oluthile.
Xa igeneric ayinakuba ngumbono olungileyo
Uninzi lwexesha, amachiza anegama lophawu kunye nezinye iindlela ezinokwenziwa zafana nazo ziyatshintshana. Kukho iimeko ezimbalwa ezizimeleyo apho ukwenza utshintsho kunokuchaphazela impilo yakho. Omnye umzekelo, utshilo uGqirha Saleh, lunyango lokuthimba. Ukutshintsha ukusuka kwigama legama elinegama lophawu lokuthomalalisa iyeza kuhlobo oluthile kunokubangela ilahleko kulawulo lokuthimba. Iziyobisi eziqhelekileyo zento iimeko zamehlo ezithile ayinakuvelisa iziphumo ezifanayo kwizigulana.
Kodwa, ngokubanzi, ukutshintshela kwi-generic kunengqiqo xa kukho enye ekhoyo kwaye ukhululekile ukwenza utshintsho. Thetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo malunga nokhetho olufanelekileyo kuwe. Ukuba lukhetho phakathi kokungawathathi amayeza ngenxa yeendleko, kunye nalawo aveliswe ngumenzi, igeneric lukhetho oluqinisekileyo olucacileyo.
Kuba iijenerikhi ziyalingana ngokulinganayo kumayeza egama lophawu, ukutshintshela kumayeza enziwe afana nalawo aveliswe ngumenzi nanini na inokuba licebo elilungileyo lokunciphisa iindleko kwisigulana, ekhemesti, okanye kwiziko, utshilo uGqirha Saleh.
Ngolondolozo olukhulu nangakumbi, khangela singlecare.com ukubona ukuba ungonga malini kuhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwamayeza akho.
