Uluhlu lwee-ACE inhibitors: Ukusetyenziswa, iimveliso eziqhelekileyo kunye nolwazi ngokhuseleko
Ulwazi lweziyobisiUluhlu lwee-ACE inhibitors | Yintoni i-ACE inhibitors? | Indlela abasebenza ngayo | Sebenzisa | Ngubani ongathatha i-ACE inhibitors? | Ukhuseleko | Imiphumela | Iindleko
I-Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors ludidi lwamayeza aqhele ukusetyenziselwa ukunyanga uxinzelelo lwegazi, okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi. Ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi kubalulekile ukuthintela ukubetha, isifo sentliziyo, kunye nesifo sezintso, phakathi kwezinye iingxaki zempilo.
Ukuxilongwa koxinzelelo lwexinzelelo kunokubonakala kunzima, ngakumbi kuba uxinzelelo lwegazi aluhlali lubonisa iimpawu. Usenokungazi ukuba unoxinzelelo lwegazi de utyelele umboneleli wezempilo. Phantse isiqingatha sabantu abadala eU.S. banexinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi, kodwa, ngethamsanqa, kukho amayeza aliqela akhoyo okulawula. Udidi lwe-ACE inhibitor lweziyobisi lolunye unyango.
Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi nge-ACE inhibitors, ukusebenzisa kwabo, kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.
| Uluhlu lwe-ACE inhibitors | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Igama lebrand (igama eliqhelekileyo) | Ixabiso eliphakathi lemali | Ugcino olulodwa | Funda nzulu |
| I-Aceon (iperindopril) | $ 76 nge-30, iipilisi ze-4 mg | Fumana amatikiti e-perindopril | Iinkcukacha zePerindopril |
| ICapoten (i-captopril) | Iidola ezingama-55 nge-30, iipilisi ezingama-25 mg | Fumana amatikiti e-captopril | Iinkcukacha zeCaptopril |
| IPrinivil, iZestril (lisinopril) | $ 133 nge-30, 10 iipilisi mg | Fumana amatikiti e-lisinopril | Iinkcukacha zeLisinopril |
| IVasotec (enalapril) | $ 69 nge-30, 10 iipilisi mg | Fumana amatikiti enalapril | Iinkcukacha ze-Enalapril |
| ILotensin (benazepril) | $ 37 nge-30, 10 iipilisi mg | Fumana i-benazepril coupons | Iinkcukacha zeBenazepril |
| UMavik (trandolapril) | Iidola ezingama-52 nge-30, iipilisi ze-4 mg | Fumana iitronolapril coupons | Iinkcukacha zeTrandolapril |
| Monopril (fosinopril) | Iidola ezingama-42 nge-30, iipilisi ezingama-20 mg | Fumana amatikiti e-fosinopril | Iinkcukacha zeFosinopril |
| Indawo (ramipril) | Iidola ezingama-59 nge-30, iipilisi ezili-10 mg | Fumana i-ramipril coupons | Iinkcukacha zikaRamipril |
| I-Accupril (iquinapril) | Iidola ezingama-58 nge-30, iipilisi ezingama-40 mg | Fumana iikhuphoni zequinapril | Iinkcukacha zeQuinapril |
| I-Univasc (moexipril) | $ 65 nge-30, iipilisi ezili-15 mg | Fumana amatikiti e moexipril | Iinkcukacha zeMoexipril |
Yintoni i-ACE inhibitors?
I-ACE inhibitors ludidi lwamayeza olwehlisa uxinzelelo lwegazi ngokuphumla kwemithambo kunye nemithambo. La mayeza ayeke ukuveliswa kwehomoni ebizwa ngokuba yi-angiotensin II. Le hormone inoxanduva lokunciphisa imithambo yegazi, enokunyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi. Ngokuyekisa imithambo yegazi kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi, ii-ACE inhibitors zinokunceda ukwandisa ukuhamba kwegazi kunye nokunciphisa umthwalo wentliziyo. La mayeza ahlala emiselwe abo banexinzelelo, ukusilela kwentliziyo, iingxaki zezintso, isifo seswekile, kunye nezinye iimeko ezichaphazelekayo kwimithambo yegazi kunye nokuhamba kwegazi.
Isebenza njani i-ACE inhibitors?
I-ACE inhibitors ibhloka i-enzyme eguqula i-angiotensin, eguqula i-angiotensin I iye kwi-angiotensin II. I-Angiotensin II yincindi yamadlala ebangela ukuba izihlunu ezigudileyo zijikeleze imithambo yegazi, kwaye oko kukhokelela ekunciphiseni kwemithambo yegazi kunye nokunyuka koxinzelelo lwegazi.
Xa i-ACE inhibitors ivimba imveliso ye-angiotensin II, imithambo yegazi inokwanda ukuvumela igazi ukuba lihambe ngokukhululekileyo. Unyango nge-ACE inhibitors lunokukhuthaza ukwehla koxinzelelo lwegazi, ukunciphisa ukonakala kwindonga yegazi, kunye nokuphucula ukuhamba kwegazi kuye entliziyweni nasezintso. Ukwehlisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kunokuphucula ukusebenza kwentliziyo kukusilela kwentliziyo kunye nokucothisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesifo sezintso esibangelwa sisifo seswekile okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi.
Zisetyenziselwa ntoni i-ACE inhibitors?
I-ACE inhibitors isetyenziselwa ukunyanga igazi elonyukayo kodwa inokusetyenziselwa ukunyanga le miqathango ilandelayo:
- Imithambo yegazi
- Ukumelwa yintliziyo
- Seswekile
- Isifo sezintso esinganyangekiyo
- Iscleroderma
- Imigraines
Kulabo abanesifo sentliziyo, isifo sentliziyo, isifo seswekile, okanye isifo esinganyangekiyo sezintso, ii-ACE inhibitors zithathwa njengonyango lokuqala lokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi okanye ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki. I-ACE inhibitors ikwanesiphumo se-cardioprotective esizimeleyo kwisakhono sabo sokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi. Ngamanye amagama, la machiza anokunceda ukukhusela intliziyo kumonakalo obangelwe luxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nesifo sentliziyo.
I-ACE inhibitors inokudityaniswa namanye amayeza anje nge womchamo okanye i-calcium channel blocker.
Ngubani ongathatha i-ACE inhibitors?
Abantu abadala
I-ACE inhibitors zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukunyanga uxinzelelo lwegazi kubantu abadala. I-inhibitor ye-ACE yonyango lodidi lokuqala kubantu abadala abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala nabangengobase-Afrika baseMelika. I-ACE inhibitors zihlala zikhona ingasebenzi kakuhle kubemi base-Afrika baseMelika. Abantu abadala abanesifo seswekile banokumiselwa i-ACE inhibitor ukunciphisa umngcipheko wesifo seswekile, okanye isifo sezintso esikhula kwabo banesifo seswekile.
Abantwana
I-ACE inhibitors inokusetyenziselwa ukunyanga uxinzelelo lwegazi ebantwaneni. Ikwalunyango olukhethwayo kubantwana abanesifo sezintso esinganyangekiyo okanye isifo seswekile. Abantwana bookhokho base-Afrika banokufuna idosi yokuqala ephezulu. Uninzi lwe-ACE inhibitors, njengoLotensin kunye no-Prinivil, bakhuselekile kubantwana abaneminyaka eyi-6 ubudala nangaphezulu; Nangona kunjalo, iifomula ezimbalwa zikhuselekile nakubantwana abancinci. Umzekelo, iCapoten inokunikwa iintsana, kwaye iVasotec inokunikwa abantwana abakwinyanga enye nangaphezulu.
Abadala
Abantu abadala abadala banokuthatha ngokukhuselekileyo i-ACE inhibitors kodwa banokufuna idosi encinci kunabantu abadala abancinci. Ukuqala iidosi kunokuba sezantsi kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe titrated phezulu ukufikelela kwisiphumo esifunekayo.
Ngaba ii-ACE inhibitors zikhuselekile?
Ngokubanzi, ii-ACE inhibitors zithathwa njengezikhuselekileyo ngeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa xa zithathwa njengoko kumiselwe. Nangona kunjalo, kukho amaqela ambalwa abantu angafanele ukuthatha i-ACE inhibitors.
Abantu abanesifo sezintso ezinzima akufuneki bathathe i-ACE inhibitors. Umsebenzi wezintso uya kufuna ukubekwa esweni ngokusondeleyo ukuba kusetyenziswa i-ACE inhibitor kuluntu. Abantu abaye bafumana uluvo emva kokuthatha i-ACE inhibitor ekhokelele kurhwaphilizo olunzima, ingxaki yokuphefumla, okanye ukudumba kwemilebe, ulwimi, okanye umlomo, kufuneka bakuphephe ukuthatha i-ACE inhibitor.
Amachiza athile anokunciphisa ukusebenza kwe-ACE inhibitors. Umzekelo, i-over-the-counter (OTC) iziyobisi ezingasebenziyo ezichasayo (ii-NSAID) inokunciphisa ukusebenza kwe-ACE inhibitors. Ukudibanisa ii-NSAIDs kunye ne-ACE inhibitors kufuneka kuthintelwe okanye kubekwe esweni. Thetha nomboneleli wezempilo malunga nawaphi na amayeza onokuwathatha, anje ngeziyobisi ze-OTC, izongezo, kunye namayeza, ngaphambi kokuba uthathe i-ACE inhibitor.
Ukukhumbula i-ACE inhibitor
Akukho zingeniso zangoku ze-ACE inhibitor ezikhumbula ukusukela nge-Matshi 2021.
Izithintelo ze-ACE inhibitor
Sukuthatha i-ACE inhibitors ukuba ngaba une-allergical reaction kuyo nayiphi na i-ACE inhibitor. Ukuba ukhe waba ne-angioedema (ukudumba phantsi kolusu olufana nemingxuma), sukuthatha i-ACE inhibitors.
Izigulana ezithatha i-Entresto (sacubitril / valsartan), ichiza eliqukethe i-neprilysin inhibitor, akufuneki lithathe i-ACE inhibitor. I-Entresto akufuneki ithathwe ngaphakathi kweeyure ezingama-36 zokutshintshela okanye ukusuka kwi-ACE inhibitor.
Abantu abane-aortic stenosis eqatha abathatha i-ACE inhibitors banokuba namava okuphungulwa kwe-coronary perfusion ekhokelela kwi-ischemia, okanye ukunciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi kwinyama yentliziyo.
Ngaba ungazithatha i-ACE inhibitors ngelixa ukhulelwe okanye uncancisa?
Udidi lwe-ACE inhibitor luthwala isilumkiso sebhokisi emnyama ngokuchasene nokusetyenziswa ngexesha lokukhulelwa. I-ACE inhibitors inokubangela ukonzakala kunye nokufa komntwana okhulayo. Ukongeza, i-ACE inhibitors inokuwela kubisi lwebele kwaye kufuneka ithintelwe ngelixa uncancisa. Nxibelelana nomboneleli wezempilo malunga nokhetho kunyango lwegazi oluphezulu ngaphambi kokuba uthathe i-ACE inhibitor ngelixa ukhulelwe okanye uncancisa.
Ngaba i-ACE inhibitors ilawulwa zizinto?
Hayi, i-ACE inhibitors ayilawulwa zizinto.
Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ze-ACE inhibitors
Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo ze-ACE inhibitors ziquka:
- Ukukhwehlela okomileyo
- Ukuba nesiyezi
- Amanqanaba aphakamileyo e-potassium egazi
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi
- Intloko ebuhlungu
- Ukudinwa
- Ubuthathaka
- Irhashalala
- Ukuphulukana nokungcamla
Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi okanye iziqendu zokudlula zinokwenzeka ngeedosi zokuqala ezininzi ze-ACE inhibitors. Oku kudla ngokwenzeka ngakumbi kubantu abagcwele umthamo xa beqala i-ACE inhibitor. Ukungalingani kolwelo kunokufuna ukulungiswa ngaphambi kokuqala i-ACE inhibitor.Iziphumo ezibi kakhulu kodwa ezinqabileyo ze-ACE inhibitors zibandakanya:
- Iingxaki zezintso
- Ukunyanga komzimba
- Ipancreatitis
- Ukungasebenzi kwesibindi
- Ukuhla kweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi
- I-Angioedema
Nangona kunqabile, i-ACE inhibitors inokuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibi. Esinye isiganeko esibi sesi angioedema , okanye ukudumba ngaphantsi kolusu lobuso okanye amanye amalungu omzimba. Ukuphendula ngokuthe ngqo kwi-ACE inhibitors kukwanqabile kodwa kunokwenzeka. I-ACE inhibitors inokubangela ukusilela kwezintso, ke umboneleli wakho wezempilo kufuneka avavanye rhoqo ukusebenza kwezintso ngexesha lonyango.
I-ACE inhibitors inokuphakamisa amanqanaba egazi e-potassium kunye nesizathu hyperkalemia (amanqanaba aphezulu e-potassium kunesiqhelo), ke ngoko ukubeka iliso kwi-potassium ngelixa uthatha i-ACE inhibitor kuhlala kuyimfuneko. Ukuthatha izongezo zepotassium okanye ukusebenzisa izinto zetyuwa eziqukethe i-potassium ngelixa ukwi-ACE inhibitor kunokubangela i-hyperkalemia, enokuthi ikhokelele kwezinye iingxaki zempilo kwaye inokubusongela ubomi. Iimpawu zokuba ne-potassium eninzi kakhulu emzimbeni zibandakanya ukudideka, ukubetha kwentliziyo ngendlela engaqhelekanga, kunye nokugungqa okanye ukuba ndindisholo ezandleni okanye ebusweni.
Olu luhlu lweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga alubanzi. Ukuthetha nengcali yezempilo yeyona ndlela ifanelekileyo yokufumana uluhlu olupheleleyo lweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kwaye uqinisekise ukuba ngaba ukuthatha i-ACE inhibitors kufanelekile.
Xelela ugqirha wakho malunga noku kulandelayo ngaphambi kokuthatha i-ACE inhibitor:
- Nasiphi na isifo seziyobisi
- Ukuba ukhe wafumana i-angioedema
- Ukuba uneengxaki zezintso
- Ukuba uthathe ichiza eline-sacubitril kuyo kwiiyure ezingama-36 ezidlulileyo
- Ukuba ukhulelwe okanye uncelisa
Ixabisa malini i-ACE inhibitors?
I-ACE inhibitors ngokubanzi ngamayeza afikelelekayo afumaneka kwigama lophawu kunye neefomula zohlobo oluqhelekileyo. Phantse onke amayeza kunye nezicwangciso zeinshurensi ziya kubandakanya i-ACE inhibitors. Iindleko ziya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwisicwangciso sakho seinshurensi. Ngaphandle kweinshurensi, ixabiso lingahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kunyango kunye nobungakanani beepilisi ezimiselweyo. Nangona kunjalo, usebenzisa ikhadi lesaphulelo semithi isuka kwi-SingleCare inokunceda ukunciphisa iindleko ze-ACE inhibitors.
