Ziziphi ii-NSAID?

Ulwazi lweziyobisi

Uluhlu lweNSAID | Ziziphi ii-NSAID? | Indlela abasebenza ngayo | Sebenzisa | Ngubani onokuthatha ii-NSAID? | Ukhuseleko | Imiphumela | Iindleko

Ukuba uke wafumana naluphi na uhlobo lwentlungu okanye ukuvuvukala, kunokwenzeka ukuba uthathe iyeza le-NSAID lokunciphisa iintlungu zexesha elifutshane (isiphumo se-analgesic). Ii-NSAID zii-nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Isetyenziswa ebantwaneni nakubantu abadala, banceda izifo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ezinokubangela iintlungu okanye ukudumba. Funda ukuze ufunde konke malunga nee-NSAID-kubandakanya amagama egama eliqhelekileyo, ukusetyenziswa, kunye nolwazi lokhuseleko. Le tshathi idwelisa ii-NSAID eziqhelekileyo kunye nolwazi lwamaxabiso.

Uluhlu lweeNSAID
Igama lebrand (igama eliqhelekileyo)	Ixabiso eliphakathi lemali eliqhelekileyo	Ixabiso elilodwa	Funda nzulu
I-Advil, iMotrin (ibuprofen) *	Iidola ezingama-50 nge-30, iipilisi ezingama-800 mg	Fumana amatikiti ebuprofen	Iinkcukacha ze-Ibuprofen
UAleve, uAnaprox, uAnaprox DS, uNaprosyn, uNaprelan (naproxen) *	$ 53 nge-30, 500 amacwecwe mg	Fumana iikhuphoni ze naproxen	Iinkcukacha zeNaproxen
ICelebrex (celecoxib)	Iidola ezingama-360 ezingama-30, 200 mg njengezingxobo	Fumana ikhuphoni yeCelebrex	Iinkcukacha zeCelebrex
Iklinikhi (sulindac)	Iidola ezingama-65 ezingama-60, iipilisi ezingama-200 mg	Fumana ikhuphoni yaseKliniki	Iinkcukacha zeklinikhi
UFeldene (piroxicam)	$ 183 ngama-30, 10 mg njengezingxobo	Fumana ikhuphoni likaFeldene	Iinkcukacha zeFeldene
Indocin (indomethacin)	Iidola ezingama-32 ezingama-30, 50 mg njengezingxobo	Fumana ikhuphoni ye-Indocin	Iinkcukacha ze-Indocin
Lodine (etodolac)	$ 70 yeepilisi ezingama-60, 400 mg	Fumana ikhuphoni yeLodine	Iinkcukacha zeLodine
Imobic (meloxicam)	Iidola ezingama-210 ezingama-30, 15 zeepilisi	Fumana isigqebhezana seMobic	Iinkcukacha zeMobic
I-Orudis (ketoprofen)	Iidola ezingama-52 ezingama-30, 75 zeepilisi	Fumana ikhuphoni lika-Orudis	Iinkcukacha zeOrudis
Ukuhlaziya (nabumetone)	$ 80 ngama-60, 500 amacwecwe mg	Fumana ikhuphoni yeRelafen	Iinkcukacha zokuhlaziya
I-Toradol (ketorolac)	I-127 yeedola kwiipilisi ezingama-20, 10 mg	Fumana ikhuphoni yeToradol	Iinkcukacha zeToradol
IVoltaren, Voltaren-XR (diclofenac sodium, ngomlomo)	Iidola ezingama-25 ezingama-30, 50 iipilisi	Fumana ikhuphoni yeVoltaren (yomlomo)	Iinkcukacha zeVoltaren (ngomlomo)
Ijeli yeVoltaren (diclofenac, umxholo) *	$ 82 yetyhubhu eyi-100-gram	Fumana ikhuphoni yeVoltaren (yezihloko)	Iinkcukacha zeVoltaren (ezomxholo)

* Iyafumaneka kugunyaziso kunye neendlela ze-OTC

Ezinye ii-NSAID zibandakanya:

• I-Ansaid (flurbiprofen)
• IArthrotec (diclofenac / misoprostol)
• ICataflam (diclofenac potassium)
• IDaypro (oxaprozin)
• Disalcid (salsalate)
• IDolobid (diflunisal)
• Iflector (diclofenac umxholo)
• IMeclomen (meclofenamate)
• Nalfon (fenoprofen)
• I-Pennsaid (umxholo we-diclofenac)
• IPonstel (mefenamic acid)
• Isolaraze (diclofenac umxholo)
• Itolectin (itolmetin)
• I-Zipsor (i-diclofenac potassium)

Ziziphi ii-NSAID?

Izidakamizwa ezichasayo ezichasayo ziyimithi eyaziwayo ephatha iintlungu kunye nokuvuvukala kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo ezifana ne-arthritis, intlungu emva kunye neentloko. Banokukunceda ukunciphisa umkhuhlane. Nangona zininzi ii-NSAID, ezinye ziyafumaneka kwi-counter (i-OTC) njenge-aspirin kunye ne-ibuprofen.

Qaphela ukuba iTylenol, equlathe i-acetaminophen, ihlala ikhankanywa ngala machiza, kodwa I-Tylenol ayikho i-NSAID.

Zisebenza njani ii-NSAID?

Ii-NSAID zisebenza ngokuthintela ii-enzymes ezibizwa ngokuba yi-COX-1 kunye ne-COX-2. I-COX imele iccylooxygenase. Ezi enzymes zenza ii-prostaglandins, ezibangela iintlungu kunye nokudumba. Ngokuthintela ezi enzymes, umzimba wakho uvelisa ii-prostaglandins ezimbalwa, ezibangela iintlungu ezincinci kunye nokudumba. ( NgeCelebrex yi-NSAID eyi-COX-2 inhibitor. Ngokuthintela kuphela i-COX-2, kunokubakho iziphumo ezibi esiswini.)

Ii-NSAID ziyasebenza kwaye zihlala zilawula iintlungu, zisindisa abaguli ekuthatheni amayeza abomeleleyo njenge-opioids, eneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibi kakhulu kunye namandla aphezulu okuxhatshazwa kunye nokuxhomekeka.

Xa unentlungu encinci ukuya ekumodareyitheni okanye ukuvuvukala okufuna i-NSAID, amanye amanyathelo anokunceda ngokunjalo. Buza umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba akukhokele kwezonyango kwezinye iindlela zolawulo lweentlungu ezinje ngomkhenkce okanye ubushushu, unyango lomzimba kunye nokuphumla.

Zisetyenziselwa ntoni ii-NSAID?

Ii-NSAID ziluncedo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo ezibangela iintlungu ezinobuzaza ukuya kuthi xhaxhe, ezinje:

• Ukubuya ngasemva
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha
• Ukulimala kwezemidlalo / ukugoba
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Ifiva
• Intlungu yamazinyo
• Irheumatoid Arthritis
• I-rheumatoid arthritis yentsha
• Osteoarthritis
• Tendonitis
• I-Ankylosing spondylitis
• Isonka incasa
• Isifo seBursitis
• Ukuxhuzula exesheni

Njengoko izikhombisi ezithile ziyahluka phakathi kweemveliso, cela ingcali kwezempilo ukuba icebise kwezonyango ukuba yeyiphi na into yokuphelisa iintlungu ekulungele imeko yakho.

Ngubani onokuthatha ii-NSAID?

Kodwa

Uninzi lwabantu abadala banokuthatha ii-NSAID ngaphandle kokuba bewela phantsi kwawo nawaphi na amaqela athintelweyo ngezantsi.

Abafazi

Uninzi lwabasetyhini abadala banokuthatha ii-NSAID ngaphandle kokuba bewela kudidi olunqandekileyo oludweliswe apha ngezantsi. Abafazi abakhulelweyo akufuneki bathathe ii-NSAID kwikota yesithathu yokukhulelwa kuba banokubangela ingozi enkulu kusana olungekazalwa.

Abantwana

Ezinye ii-NSAID ezingabhaliswanga, njengeAdvil neMotrin, ziyafumaneka kubantwana abadala kuneenyanga ezi-6, kodwa qiniseka ukuba ujonga idosi efanelekileyo kugqirha wabantwana okanye usokhemesti. Umthamo uyahluka ngokuqamba, ubudala, kunye nobunzima. Ezinye izinto ezihlanganisiweyo zigxile ngakumbi, oko kuthetha ukuba umntwana uza kufumana iyeza elininzi ngesixa esincinci. Kungenxa yoko le nto kubaluleke kakhulu ukufunda ifayile ye- Ilebheli yeNqaku leziyobisi kwimveliso ethile, kwaye ujonge kwakhona umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba awuqinisekanga. Sebenzisa ikomityi yokulinganisa okanye isirinji yomlomo ukulinganisa idosi efanelekileyo. Sukusebenzisa amacephe okulinganisa ekhitshini, kuba ezi zinokungachani ekulinganiseni amayeza.

Nangona i-Aleve ikhona i-OTC, akufuneki isetyenziswe kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-12 ubudala.

Ii-NSAID ze-Prescription ziyahluka ngokweminyaka kunye nokubonakaliswa, ke buza umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba unemibuzo.

Abadala

Ii-NSAID zikwi Uluhlu lweebhiya amayeza anokungafaneleki kubantu abadala. Kukho umngcipheko ophezulu wokuphuma kwesisu okanye izilonda kubantu abadala kuneminyaka engama-75 ubudala. Ukuthatha iproton pump inhibitor njenge Prilosec kunokunciphisa umngcipheko weziphumo esiswini, kodwa akuwuphelisi umngcipheko. Abantu abadala asebekhulile kufuneka baphephe ii-NSAID ngenxa yokunyuka kwengozi yokuhluleka kwentliziyo, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kunye nomonakalo wezintso.

Ngaba ii-NSAID zikhuselekile?

Izithintelo ze-NSAID

Musa ukuthatha i-NSAIDS ukuba:

• Ngaba i-aleji nakwezinye ii-NSAID.
• Unembali yesifo sombefu okanye ukusabela okungafunekiyo kwi-aspirin okanye ezinye ii-NSAID.
• Zimalunga nokuba (okanye zisandula ukuba) noqhaqho lweCABG.
• Ngaba kwikota yesithathu yokukhulelwa. Ukuba ukwikota yokuqala okanye yesibini, okanye xa uncancisa, cela ingcebiso kwezonyango ukuba uncede.

Izilumkiso ze-NSAID

Zonke ii-NSAID zine isilumkiso sebhokisi emnyama . Isilumkiso sebhokisi emnyama sisilumkiso esinzulu njengoko kufunwa yi-FDA (e-United States yokutya kunye noLawulo lweziyobisi). Esi silumkiso siquka:

• Umngcipheko wentliziyo : Ii-NSAID zibangela umngcipheko owandayo wamahlwili egazi, isifo sentliziyo, kunye nokubetha, okunokubulala. Umngcipheko ubakho kwangoko kunyango, kwaye umngcipheko uyonyusa ixesha elide lisetyenzisiwe. Ii-NSAIDs akufuneki zisetyenziswe ngaphambi okanye emva kotyando lwe-coronary art bypass graft (CABG).
• Umngcipheko wesisu (GI) : Ii-NSAID zonyusa umngcipheko wokopha, ukucaphuka kwesisu / izilonda, kunye nokuqaqanjelwa sisisu namathumbu. Oku kunokuba yingozi. Ezi ngxaki ze-GI zinokwenzeka nangaliphi na ixesha ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwe-NSAID nangaphandle kwesilumkiso. Izinto zomngcipheko zibandakanya abantu abadala kunye nezigulana ezinembali ye-GI yopha kunye / okanye izilonda.

Ezinye izilumkiso zibandakanya:

• Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, iingxaki zesibindi zinokwenzeka. Banokuba nobuzaza okanye babulale. Yazisa ugqirha wakho ukuba unempawu ezifana nesicaphucaphu, ukudinwa, ukurhawuzelela, iintlungu ezisezantsi esiswini, i-jaundice, okanye isifo sorhudo.
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi kufuneka lubekwe esweni ngexesha lonyango.
• Ngenxa yokuba ii-NSAID zonyusa umngcipheko wokusilela kwentliziyo kunye ne-edema, kufanele ukuba zithintelwe ngokubanzi kubantu abanesifo sentliziyo esomeleleyo.
• Ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kunokubangela iingxaki zezintso kwaye kufuneka kuthintelwe ngokubanzi kwizigulana ezinesifo sezintso.
• Fumana uncedo lonyango olungxamisekileyo ukuba ngaba kukho iimpawu ze-anaphylactic reaction, ezinje ngokurhawuzelela, ukuphefumla nzima, okanye ukudumba kwemilebe, ubuso, okanye ulwimi.
• Ii-NSAID zinokubangela ukusabela okunamandla kolusu njengoStevens-Johnson Syndrome okanye ityhefu yepermermal necrolysis (TEN). Ezi zinokubulala kwaye zenzeke ngaphandle kwesixwayiso. Yeka ukuthatha i-NSAID kwaye ufumane uncedo olukhawulezileyo ukuba unesikhumba. Musa ukuthatha ii-NSAID ukuba unayo impendulo yangaphambili yesikhumba kwi-NSAID.
• Ii-NSAID zinokubangela i-anemia. Umngcipheko wokopha kwii-NSAID ukwanda ngokusetyenziswa kwamachiza athile anjenge-corticosteroids, ii-anticoagulants (ezinjenge-warfarin), ii-antiplatelets, okanye i-SSRI okanye i-SNRI anti-depressants.
• Ukuba uthatha i-NSAID ixesha elide, buza ugqirha wakho malunga novavanyo lwelebhu. Ngenxa yabo bonke ubungozi obunxulunyaniswa nee-NSAID, kungcono ukuthatha elona dosi lisezantsi kunokwenzeka, ngelixesha lifutshane. Ukuba usebenzisa i-OTC NSAID, cela ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezili-10. Intlungu engapheliyo inokufuna iyeza elahlukileyo.

Tshela umboneleli wakho wezempilo malunga nawo onke amayeza owathathayo, kubandakanya amayeza, i-OTC, kunye neevithamini, ukuze aqiniseke ukuba i-NSAID ikhuselekile kunye namanye amayeza owathathayo. Ii-NSAID zinxibelelana namayeza athile afana ne-SSRI okanye i-SNRI antidepressants, anticoagulants, lithium, ACE inhibitors, ARBs, kunye ne-diuretics.

Ii-NSAIDs akufuneki zisetyenziswe kwi-trimester yesithathu yokukhulelwa, kuba zinokubangela ingozi enkulu kusana olungekazalwa.

I-NSAID iyakhumbula

• Ukukhumbula inaliti ye-Ketorolac (nge-Matshi 2020)
• Ukukhumbula inaliti ye-Ketorolac (Epreli 2019)
• Ukukhumbula ngomlomo kwe-Ibuprofen (ngoJanuwari 2019)
• Ukukhumbula ibuprofen yeentsana (ngoDisemba 2018)

IVioxx kunye neBextra bobabini be-COX-2 inhibitors abasuswe kwimarike ngenxa yeengxaki zentliziyo.

Ngaba unokuthatha ii-NSAID ngelixa ukhulelwe okanye uncelisa?

Musa ukuthatha ii-NSAID kwikota yesithathu yokukhulelwa. La machiza anokubangela ingozi emngciphekweni wosana olungekazalwa. Ukuba ukwikota yokuqala okanye yesibini, okanye ukuba sele uthatha i-NSAID kwaye ufumanisa ukuba ukhulelwe, nxibelelana nomboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuze akukhokele.

Ukuba uncelisa, qhagamshelana neengcali zonyango lwakho kwiingcebiso zonyango.

Ngaba ii-NSAID zilawulwa zizinto?

Hayi, ii-NSAID azizizo izinto ezilawulwayo.

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ze-NSAID

Ukunciphisa iintlungu ze-NSAID zihlala zinyamezeleka kakuhle kodwa kunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezininzi, ezinye zazo ezinokuba nzulu. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zixhaphakileyo zibandakanya iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-GI (zesisu) ezinje ngeentlungu zesisu, ukuqhina, urhudo, igesi, ukuqaqanjelwa yintliziyo, isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha. Ukuba nesiyezi kukwayimpembelelo yecala eliqhelekileyo.

Ezinye, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinzulu zinokwenzeka. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• Iingxaki zentliziyo njengokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo, ukubetha, uxinzelelo lwegazi (uxinzelelo lwegazi), okanye ukusilela kwentliziyo
• Iingxaki zezintso okanye zesibindi
• Iingxaki ze-GI njengokuphuma kwegazi kunye nezilonda esiswini nasemathumbu
• Iiseli ezibomvu ezisezantsi
• Ulusu olusongela ubomi okanye uguquko
• Ukuhlaselwa sisifo sombefu kwizigulana ezinesifo sombefu

Ukuba unayo nayiphi na le mpawu, fumana unyango lonyango:

• Ukuphefumla nzima okanye ukuphefumla kancinci
• Iintlungu zesifuba
• Ubuthathaka kwelinye icala lomzimba
• Intetho edibeneyo
• Ukudumba kobuso okanye umqala

Yeka ukuthatha i-NSAID yakho kwaye ubize ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuba unayo nayiphi na le mpawu:

• Isicaphucaphu
• Ndiziva ndidiniwe ngokungaqhelekanga okanye ndibuthathaka
• Ukurhawuzelela, irhashalala, okanye iblisters enomkhuhlane
• Mthubi ulusu okanye mhlophe ngamehlo
• Iimpawu ezifana nezomkhuhlane
• Ukuphalaza igazi
• Mnyama, linda, okanye ilindle eligazi
• Ukudumba kweengalo / imilenze / izandla / iinyawo

Olu aluluhlu olupheleleyo lweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Qhagamshelana nomboneleli wakho wezempilo uluhlu olupheleleyo lweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Ixabisa malini ii-NSAID?

Ii-NSAID lukhetho oluthandwayo phakathi kwabanikezeli bezempilo kuba azisebenzi kuphela kodwa zingabizi kakhulu. Ungathenga ii-OTC NSAIDs nge- $ 5 nangaphezulu, kuxhomekeke kubungakanani bephakheji kunye nokwenziwa. Ii-NSAID zamandla amiselweyo zikwanoqoqosho, ngamaxabiso ahluka ngemveliso, amandla kunye nobungakanani. Ungasoloko usebenzisa ifayile yasimahla Ikhadi elilodwa lokuKhathalela ukugcina imali kummiselo wakho we-NSAID kunye neefom ze-OTC ngomyalelo osemthethweni.