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Yintoni i-benzodiazepines?

Ulwazi lweziyobisi

I-Benzodiazepines yiklasi leziyobisi ezisetyenziselwa unyango lweempawu zoxinzelelo, i-sedation, kunye nezinye iingxaki ezinxulumene nempilo yengqondo. Iinjongo zokunyanga uxinzelelo kukunciphisa ixesha lokuhamba, ubukhali, kunye nexesha leempawu. Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo ze-benzodiazepines ezifumanekayo kunyango lwexhala kunye nokulala, kwaye zonke ziyasebenza, kodwa nganye inokwahluka ngokuqala okanye ixesha lokuthatha isenzo kunye nokubanakho kweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Siza kuthetha ngeempawu ezahlukeneyo ze-benzodiazepines, amagama abo aqhelekileyo, kunye nokhuseleko kunye nezibonakaliso.

Uluhlu lwe-benzodiazepines
Igama leziyobisi	Ixabiso eliphakathi lemali	Ixabiso elilodwa	Funda nzulu
Xanax (alprazolam)	Iidola ezingama-69 nge-60, iipilisi ze-1 mg	Fumana iikhuphoni zeXanax	Iinkcukacha zeXanax
ILibrium (chlordiazepoxide)	Iidola ezingama-20 nge-30, i-25 mg capsules	Fumana i-chlordiazepoxide coupons	Iinkcukacha zeChlordiazepoxide
Onfi (clobazam)	$ 122 nge-30, 10 iipilisi mg	Fumana iikhuphoni zikaOnfi	Iinkcukacha zika-Onfi
IKlonopin (clonazepam)	$ 170 nge-60, 1 iipilisi mg	Fumana amakhuphoni eKlonopin	Iinkcukacha zeKlonopin
I-Tranxene (clorazepate)	Iidola ezili-115 nge-30, iipilisi ze-7.5 mg	Fumana amatikiti eTranxene	Iinkcukacha zeTranxene
Valium (diazepam)	Iidola ezingama-24 nge-30, iipilisi ze-5 mg	Fumana amatikiti eValium	Iinkcukacha zeValium
IproSom (estazolam)	Iidola ezili-178 nge-30, iipilisi ze-2 mg	Fumana amatikiti e-estazolam	Iinkcukacha ze-Estazolam
IDalmane (i-flurazepam)	Iidola ezingama-37 nge-30, iipilisi ezingama-30 mg	Fumana amatikiti eflurazepam	Iinkcukacha zeFlurazepam
Ativan (ilorazepam)	Iidola ezingama-44 nge-30, iipilisi ze-1 mg	Fumana iikhuphoni zeAtivan	Iinkcukacha zeAtivan
Iindidi (midazolam)	$ 11.99 nge-2, 2 ml ibhotile ye-10 mg / 2 ml	Fumana amatikiti e-midazolam	Iinkcukacha zeMidazolam
I-Serax (i-oxazepam)	$ 52 nge-30, 15 mg capsule	Fumana iikhuphoni ze-oxazepam	Iinkcukacha ze-Oxazepam
Ukuziphatha (quazepam)	$ 432 nge-15, 15 iipilisi mg	Fumana amatikiti eDoral	Iinkcukacha zedoral
Ukubuyisela (temazepam)	Iidola ezingama-73 nge-30, 30 mg njengezingxobo	Fumana iikhuphoni zeRestoril	Iinkcukacha zokubuyisela
IHalcion (triazolam)	Iidola ezingama-32 nge-2, i-0.25 mg yeepilisi	Fumana amatikiti eHalcion	Iinkcukacha zikaHalcion

Eminye i-benzodiazepines:

I-Byfavo (remimazolam)

Yintoni i-benzodiazepines?

I-Benzodiazepines (okanye i-benzos, njengoko abanye abantu bebhekisa kubo) liqela leziyobisi ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kunyango lweempawu ezixhalabisayo. Ngelixa zonke i-benzodiazepines zineepropathi zoxinzelelo, ezinye zithengiswa kuphela ukuze zisetyenziswe njenge-sedative-hypnotics. I-Benzodiazepines ithathwa njengonyango lodidi lokuqala lweempawu ezixhalabisayo. Ngenxa yokuxhatshazwa kunye nokusetyenziswa gwenxa, zonke i-benzodiazepines zihlelwa njenge izinto ezilawulwayo yiArhente yoNyanzeliso lweziyobisi (DEA).

I-benzodiazepines isebenza njani?

I-Benzodiazepines isebenza ngokwandisa iziphumo ze-neurotransmitter, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), kwingqondo. Kukho umqondiso wendlela kwingqondo yakho onoxanduva kumanqanaba akho okuqonda kunye noxinzelelo. Oku kwaziwa njenge-reticular pathway. Xa i-GABA inxibelelana nabamkeli bayo kwingqondo, inqanda okanye icothise umsebenzi wale ndlela, ikhulisa ukuthomalalisa kunye nokunciphisa uxhalaba. I-Benzodiazepines inyusa iziphumo ze-GABA, isenza ezi zinto zibe namandla nangakumbi. Kungenxa yoko le nto i-benzodiazepines yaziwa njenge-central system ye-nervous system (CNS) depressants (ekwabizwa ngokuba zii-downers) kuba zixinzelela inqanaba lomzimba lomsebenzi we-CNS.

Ziziphi i-benzodiazepines ezisetyenziselwa yona?

Isifo esixhalabisayo okanye esiqhelekileyo
Ukuphazamiseka kovalo
Unyango lwexesha elifutshane lokungalali
Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo

Iipropathi ze-benzodiazepine nganye ziyahluka kwaye zenza nganye iluncedo ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo. I-Benzodiazepines zihlala zisetyenziselwa injongo enye, nangona ezinye zisebenzisa izinto ezininzi. Itshathi elandelayo inikezela ngesishwankathelo ngokubanzi sezona zinto zisetyenziswayo kwiklasi yeziyobisi ye-benzodiazepine. Ngamanye amaxesha, i-benzodiazepine inokusetyenziswa off-ileyibheli ukunyanga ukuphazamiseka kusenokungavunyelwa ukuba kunyangwe yi-Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Omnye umzekelo kukusetyenziswa kwe-benzodiazepines njengonyango lwe-spasms yezihlunu. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-benzodiazepine ukunyanga nasiphi na isigulo kukuqonda kogqirha wakho.

Uphawu	I-Benzodiazepines evunyiweyo ukuba isetyenziswe
Ixhala	Alprazolam, chlordiazepoxide, clorazepate, diazepam, flurazepam, midazolam, oxazepam
Uloyiko	Alprazolam, clonazepam
Ukuphuthelwa	I-Estazolam, i-flurazepam, i-lorazepam, i-quazepam, i-temazepam, i-triazolam
Ukuxhuzula / iiarhente ze-anticonvulsant	Clobazam, clonazepam, diazepam, lorazepam, midazolam

Le tshathi ayijoliswanga ekubeni ibandakanye konke ukubonakaliswa okuvunyiweyo kwe-benzodiazepines. Kukho ezinye izinto ezibonisa la machiza, njengonyango lwesifo sokurhoxisa utywala, esingadweliswanga apha.

Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ngaphakathi kwesalathiso ngasinye, ezinye ze-benzodiazepines zikhethwa kudidi oluthile. Umzekelo, i-clobazam iboniswa kuphela ekubanjweni okunxulunyaniswa nesifo seLennox-Gastaut. Zonke i-benzodiazepines zineziphumo zokuthomalalisa, kodwa ezinye zifaneleke ngakumbi kunyango oluthile lwezinto ezahlukeneyo zokulala. ILorazepam inesiqalo esifutshane sento kwaye isetyenziselwa ngokukodwa ukukhuthaza ukulala okanye ukulala kuba isebenza kancinci. I-Temazepam ’s Ukuqala kwesenzo kulibazisekile, kodwa iziphumo zaso zihlala iiyure ezintandathu ukuya kwezisibhozo, zisenza isixhobo esisebenza ixesha elide nesisebenzayo ngokuchasene nokulala xa unyanga ukulala. Ingcali yakho yokhathalelo lwempilo inokukunceda ekuchazeni ukuba yeyiphi i-benzodiazepine efanelekileyo kakhulu kwimeko yakho okanye kwimpawu yempawu.

Ngubani onokuthatha i-benzodiazepines?

Iintsana, abantwana kunye nolutsha

Ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza ngokukuko akukhange kusekwe kwaba bantu. Ukusetyenziswa benzodiazepines kwaba bantu ngokungqongqo kunyango ubume sokuwa. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-benzodiazepines kwiintsana, ebantwaneni nakwishumi elivisayo ngokubanzi akukhuthazwa.

Abantu abadala

I-Benzodiazepines ikhuselekile ukuba ingasetyenziswa kubantu abadala. Iziphumo ebezona zixhaphakileyo ziziphumo zenkqubo yoxinzelelo lwe-nervous system (CNS), ebandakanya ukozela, ukulala, kunye nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Ezinye izigulana zinokufumana ukukhubazeka kwimemori.

Abadala

I-Benzodiazepines kufuneka isetyenziswe kuphela xa kufanelekile kubantu abadala. I-Benzodiazepines inokucocwa kancinci kancinci ke ngenxa yoko ukuqokelelwa kweziyobisi kunokwenzeka. Ukuphuculwa koxinzelelo lwe-CNS kubeka abaguli abadala emngciphekweni wokuwa kunye nokwenzakala.

Izigulana ezinokukhubazeka kwesibindi

Ngokufana nezigulana ezindala, abaguli abanesifo sesibindi okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwesibindi kunokwenzeka ukuba babe namava okuqokelela ichiza kwaye babe semngciphekweni omkhulu woxinzelelo lwe-CNS. Ugqirha wakho unokuhlisa idosi okanye ukwahlula idosi yakho kwiidosi ezininzi.

Ngaba i-benzodiazepines ikhuselekile?

UBenzodiazepines ukhumbula

Olu luhlu lulandelayo luluhlu lwakhumbula ngoku olubandakanya i-benzodiazepines. Olu luhlu alunakubandakanywa konke. Usokhemesti wakho unokunceda nakweyiphi na inkxalabo onayo malunga nayo ukhumbula iimveliso .

Izithintelo zeBenzodiazepines

Musa ukuthatha i-benzodiazepines ukuba unembali yempendulo ye-hypersensitivity kuyo nayiphi na i-benzodiazepine.

I-Benzodiazepines kufuneka ithintelwe kwizigulana ezinembali yeziyobisi okanye ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi njengoko zinakho ukwenza imikhwa. Ngesi sizathu, ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kwe-benzodiazepines ngokubanzi akukhuthazwa.

I-Benzodiazepines kufuneka ithintelwe kwizigulana ezinesifo se-pulmonary njengoko uxinzelelo lokuphefumla lunokuba mandundu yi-benzodiazepines.

Ukusetyenziswa kweBenzodiazepine kufuneka kuthintelwe kubemi be-geriatric nakwizigulana zabantwana, ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwayo kwimeko yokuxhuzula.

Izigulana ezinesibindi okanye isifo sezintso kufuneka zijongwe ngokusondeleyo ngelixa zikwi-benzodiazepines. Idosi yabo inokufuna uhlengahlengiso ukunqanda amanqanaba ayingozi kuxinzelelo lwe-CNS.

Ngaba ungathatha i-benzodiazepines ngelixa ukhulelwe okanye uncancisa?

Ezinye i-benzodiazepines zinxulunyaniswa ne-teratogenesis, okanye iziphene zokuzalwa, kwaye ke ukusetyenziswa kokukhulelwa kudimazeka ngokubanzi. Ukuba kukho imfuneko, sebenzisa i-benzodiazepines kunye nexesha elifutshane lezenzo ixesha elincinci kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Gwema ukusebenzisa kwikota yokuqala. I-Estazolam, i-flurazepam, kunye ne-temazepam ziyaphikiswa xa ukhulelwe. Ngenxa yokuba i-benzodiazepines yaziwa ukuba iwele ibele, akufuneki ubathathe ngelixa uncancisa.

Ngaba i-benzodiazepines ilawulwa zizinto?

I-Benzodiazepines ithathwa njengeshedyuli IV izinto ezilawulwa yi-DEA ngenxa yokuba zinokubakho gadalala kunye nokusetyenziswa gwenxa. Urhulumente ngamnye unokuba neemeko ezithile okanye iimfuno zokumiselwa kwezinto ezilawulwayo ukongeza kwimigaqo yomanyano ebekwe yi-DEA. I-Benzodiazepines kufuneka ithintelwe kwizigulana ezinembali yokusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi. Ukuba uthabathe i-benzodiazepine rhoqo ixesha elide, akufuneki uyeke ngequbuliso njengoko unokufumana iimpawu zokurhoxa. Ugqirha wakho kufuneka akhokele isicatshulwa esicothayo sokuyeka iyeza ngokukhuselekileyo.

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ze-benzodiazepine

Iziphumo ezibi ze-benzodiazepines ikakhulu ziziphumo zoxinzelelo lwe-CNS olubangelwa lolu didi lweziyobisi. Ukuba nesiyezi, ukozela, kunye nokucutha izinga lokuphefumla kwenzeka nge-benzodiazepine nganye ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile. Abanye abaguli baxela ilahleko kulawulo lokuhamba komzimba kunye nokuqonda okungalunganga, okanye imvakalelo yenkungu. Uxinzelelo lwegazi olusezantsi kunye nokulahleka kwememori kuye kwaxelwa. Ezi ziphumo zingancipha ngokusetyenziswa okuqhubekayo kodwa kufuneka zijongwe ngokusondeleyo. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zenza ukuba kungakhuselekanga ukuthatha i-benzodiazepines kwaye wenze imisebenzi efana nokuqhuba okanye ukusebenzisa oomatshini abanzima. Ezi ziphumo bezingalindelekanga zinokunyuswa ngezinye izinto ezinokubangela uxinzelelo lwe-CNS, ezinje ngotywala, ii-opioids, kunye neebarbiturates. Ke ngoko, i-benzodiazepines kufuneka ithintelwe nezinye izinto zokudakumba ze-CNS.

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ze-benzodiazepine zezi:

Ukuphulukana nolawulo lweentshukumo zomzimba
Ukozela
Ukunciphisa umsebenzi wokuphefumla
Ukuphazamiseka kwimemori
Ukuba nesiyezi
Ukucaphuka
Ukudinwa
Ukuqunjelwa
Uxinzelelo lwegazi
Ukuncipha kwesondo
Isitenxo sexesheni
Ukwanda kwesidlo
Ukutyeba kwakho
Ukuqonda okungalunganga

Ixabisa malini i-benzodiazepines?

Uninzi lwe-benzodiazepines zifumaneka ngokubanzi kwaye zihlala zibiza kakhulu, zihlala zingaphantsi kweedola ezingama-20 ngekhuphoni ye-SingleCare. Kukho okwahlukileyo koku, nangona kunjalo. Ubungqina I-avareji ye- $ 432 yepilisi ye-15 yonyango lwegama lophawu. Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lweDoral, quazepam , Iyafumaneka ngeSpecialCare coupon ye $ 333. Oku kubiza kakhulu kunezinye i-benzodiazepines ezisetyenziswa ngokuxhaphakileyo. Umzekelo, ukwenziwa ngokubanzi kweXanax, alprazolam , Iyafumaneka nge- $ 16 encinci kunikezelo lwenyanga enye lwe-1 mg ngokusebenzisa isigqebhezana se-SingleCare. IValium yenye ye-benzodiazepine esetyenziswa ngokuxhaphakileyo. Diazepam , uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lweValium, luyafumaneka ngexabiso eliphantsi njenge- $ 3 kunye nekhuphoni le-SingleCare.

Ezinye izicwangciso zeinshurensi yorhwebo zinokuba nemida okanye iimeko zokugubungela i-benzodiazepines. Amacebo amayeza e-Medicare ngokubanzi awazibandakanyi i-benzodiazepines njengoko kukho inkxalabo kwezokhuseleko ngokubhekisele ekusebenziseni kwabo kubantu abadala. Ngaphambi kokuba ugcwalise iyeza lakho le-benzodiazepine, jonga kwi-SingleCare ukuqinisekisa ukuba uhlawula elona xabiso liphantsi.