Ukhetho lolawulo lokuzalwa: Yintoni efanelekileyo kuwe?

Imfundo yezeMpilo

Ukutyhubela iinkulungwane, abasetyhini babenokhetho oluncinci (ukuba lukhona) lolawulo lokuzalwa. Ibinzana lokulawula ukuzalwa alizange lisetyenziswe ngokubanzi kude kube ngama-1930. Iipilisi zolawulo lokuzalwa zafumaneka kwabafazi kwiminyaka yoo-1960 xa ngaphambili, zazikhona kuphela izithintelo. Ngethuba lokuqala kwimbali, abantu basetyhini banokulawula ucwangciso lwabo losapho.

Ukuhamba kolawulo lokuzalwa okwangoku kuye kwanda ngaphaya kwepilisi, izithambiso kunye neekhondom. Kodwa ukukhetha ulawulo lokuzalwa lukhetho olunzulu lomntu, kwaye kulula ukuziva ukoyiswa kukhetho.

Ekugqibeleni, isigqibo sokuba loluphi uhlobo lolawulo lokuzalwa olufanelekileyo phakathi kwakho nogqirha wakho. Ulawulo lwakho lokuzalwa olufanelekileyo luxhomekeke kwinani lezinto, kubandakanya nokuba okanye hayi ulawulo lokuzalwa kwehomoni lukhetho olufanelekileyo, ukuba ukhululekile kangakanani kwiinkqubo zonyango ezincinci, nokuba uyakwazi ukuthatha iyeza lomlomo rhoqo, nangaphezulu.

Kwesi sikhokelo, siza kuvavanya ezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zolawulo lokuzalwa. Siza kuphendula imibuzo malunga neentlobo zolawulo lokuzalwa ukukunceda wenze esona sigqibo sinolwazi ngokubhekisele kucwangciso lwakho losapho.

Zeziphi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zolawulo lokuzalwa?

Ezi zezona ndlela zixhaphakileyo zolawulo lokuzalwa.

• Iipilisi zolawulo lokuzalwa
• Izixhobo zangaphakathi (ii-IUDs)
• Ukufakelwa kolawulo lokuzalwa
• Ukudubula kolawulo lokuzalwa
• Iimpawu zokulawula ukuzalwa
• Izinketho ezithintelayo (umzekelo, iikhondom zamadoda, iikhondom zabasetyhini, iiponji)

Lubiza malini ulawulo lokuzalwa?

Iindleko zolawulo lokuzalwa ziyahluka ngendlela kodwa ngokomndilili, ulawulo lokuzalwa lunokubiza phakathi kwe- $ 0 kunye ne- $ 50 ngenyanga. Ezinye iindlela zokulawula ukuzalwa ezifana ne-IUD, zinokubiza i-1,300 yeedola ngexesha elinye kodwa ziya kuhlala iminyaka eliqela.

Yeyiphi eyona ndlela isebenzayo yolawulo lokuzalwa?

Ngoku ka Umzali ocwangcisiweyo , ezona ndlela zimbini zisebenza kakuhle zolawulo lokuzalwa zizinto zokufakelwa kolawulo lokuzalwa kunye nee-IUDs, ezingaphezulu kwe-99% esebenzayo.

Ezinye iindlela zolawulo lokuzalwa njengepilisi yolawulo lokuzalwa, ziqhayisa ngendlela efanayo yokusebenza. Nangona kunjalo, ipilisi kunye nezinye iindlela ezisetyenziselwa ishedyuli azisebenzi kakuhle xa ishedyuli ingagcinwanga ngokungqongqo. Ngenxa yeso sizathu, azisebenzi nge-99% ngokusetyenziswa kwesiqhelo.

Zeziphi iindlela ezingezizo ezokulawula ukuzalwa?

Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokulawula ukuzalwa ezingezizo okanye ezisezantsi.

• IOPs zeCopper (ungasebenzisi iihormoni)
• Iindlela zokuthintela (umzekelo, iikhondom zamadoda, iikhondom zabasetyhini)
• Ukufakwa kokulawulwa kokuzalwa (kusetyenziswa iprogestin kuphela, hayi i-estrogen)
• IHormonal IUDs (isebenzisa iprogestin kuphela, hayi i-estrogen)
• Ulawulo lolawulo lokuzalwa (kusetyenziswa iprogestin kuphela, hayi i-estrogen)

Ukuba unembali ye-migraine, okwangoku uncancisa, okanye unembali yamahlwili egazi, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba uzame indlela engeyiyo yehomoni okanye yehomoni ephantsi yolawulo lokuzalwa njengaleyo idweliswe apha ngasentla.

Ipilisi yolawulo lokuzalwa

Ipilisi yolawulo lokuzalwa ikhuphe intshukumo yanamhlanje yolawulo lokuzalwa kwii-1960s kwaye ihlala iyindlela eyaziwayo kubafazi namhlanje.

Yintoni ipilisi yolawulo lokuzalwa?

Ipilisi yolawulo lokuzalwa kukuthintela inzala oyithatha ngomlomo ngaxeshanye yonke imihla. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya uAlesse, Levlen, Ortho Tri-Cyclen, Loestrin, Ortho-Novum, Estrostep, Lessina, Levlite, Aviane, Levora, Lo Ovral, Aranelle, Natazia, Enpresse, Mircette, Apri, Yasmin, Nordette, no Yaz.

Zisebenza njani iipilisi zokulawula inzala?

Ulawulo lokuzalwa lusebenza ngokumisa i-ovulation. Ngokumisa i-ovulation, isidoda asinakufikelela kwiqanda kuba akukho qanda lifumanekayo ukuze amadlozi achumise. Iipilisi zolawulo lokuzalwa nazo ziyayinyanzela incindi yomlomo wesibeleko, eyenza kube nzima ukuba isidoda sifike kwiqanda.

Zisebenza kangakanani iipilisi zokulawula inzala?

Xa isetyenziswa njengokuyalelwa, ipilisi yolawulo lokuzalwa iyasebenza ngama-99%. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba awuyithathi ipilisi ngexesha elifanayo yonke imihla okanye unqumle iintsuku ngokupheleleyo, kuya kuba nzima kakhulu. Ngokubanzi, ngokusetyenziswa kwesiqhelo, ipilisi yolawulo lokuzalwa imalunga nama-91% esebenzayo .

Uzithatha njani iipilisi zokulawula inzala?

Uthatha iipilisi zolawulo lokuzalwa ngomlomo (ngomlomo) kanye ngemini malunga nexesha elifanayo. Ixesha lomhla alinamsebenzi, kodwa kufuneka lingqinelane.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba iipilisi zokuthintela inzala ziqale ukusebenza?

Ngokomndilili, ipilisi yolawulo lokuzalwa ithatha iintsuku ezisixhenxe ukuze isebenze ngokupheleleyo. Ukuba uqala ipilisi yolawulo lokuzalwa ngosuku lokuqala lwexesha lakho, nangona kunjalo, inokukhaba ngokukhawuleza. Abavelisi bolawulo lokuzalwa bacebisa ukuba usebenzise indlela yesibini yokuthintela ukukhulelwa, njengeekhondom, kwiintsuku ezisixhenxe zokuqala.

Izixhobo zangaphakathi (IUD)

Nangona izixhobo zangaphakathi ze-intrauterine beziyindlela yolawulo lokuzalwa ukusukela ngo-1909, yayingeyondlela esetyenziswa ngokuxhaphakileyo de kwasungulwa i-IUD yethusi ngeminyaka yoo-1960. Namhlanje, ii-IUDs zezona ziqhelekileyo zisetyenziswa kulawulo lokuzalwa olunokubuyela umva (LARC).

Yintoni i-IUD?

Isixhobo se-IUD (isixhobo sangaphakathi se-intrauterine) sisixhobo esincinci esimise okwe-T esifakwa kwisibeleko yi-OB-GYN. Zimbini iintlobo ze-IUDs: iprogestin IUDs (Mirena, Skyla, kunye neLiletta) kunye neeIUDs zobhedu (iParaGard).

Isebenza njani i-IUD?

Iicopper kunye neprogestin IUDs zombini zisebenza ngokuthintela amadlozi ukuba angafiki eqandeni. Iiseli zesidoda azisabeli kakuhle kubhedu, okuthintela amandla esidoda ukufikelela kwiqanda. Iiprogestin IUDs ziyayinyibilikisa i-mucus yomlomo wesibeleko kwaye zithintele i-ovulation (njengepilisi yolawulo lokuzalwa).

Isebenza njani i-IUD?

IUD ine-99% esebenzayo. Kuba isixhobo sifakwe yingcali yezonyango, kukho umngcipheko omncinci wokusetyenziswa gwenxa njengoko kunjalo nepilisi yolawulo lokuzalwa okanye iikhondom. ICopper kunye neprogestin IUDs zisebenza ngokulinganayo. Nangona kunjalo, ii-IUDs zobhedu zinomahluko wokuthintela ukukhulelwa okungxamisekileyo xa kufakwa kwiintsuku ezintlanu emva kokwabelana ngesondo ngokungakhuselekanga.

Ihlala ixesha elingakanani i-IUD?

IUD yobhedu yenye yezona zinto zokucwangcisa zithatha ixesha elide kwaye zisebenza ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka eyi-12. Iiprogestin IUDs zihlala phakathi kweminyaka emithathu ukuya kwesixhenxe emva kokufakwa kuxhomekeke kwi-IUD.

Ixabisa malini i-IUD?

I-IUD inokufumaneka simahla xa igqunywe ngokupheleleyo yi-inshurensi okanye indleko ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1,300 yeedola ngaphandle kwe-inshurensi yezempilo.

Ithatha ixesha elingakanani ukusebenza?

IUD yobhedu iyasebenza kwangoko emva kokufakwa njengoko ingaxhomekeki kwiihomoni ezisebenza emzimbeni wakho. Ii-IUDs ezisekwe kwiHormone zinokuthatha ukuya kwiveki ukuze zisebenze ngokupheleleyo ekuthinteleni ukukhulelwa.

Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-IUD?

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-IUD zidweliswe apha ngezantsi.

• Ubuhlungu ngexesha nangoko emva kokufakwa (kuhlala kuncitshisiwe xa ukwithuba lakho ngexesha lokufakwa kwaye ukuba uthatha ibuprofen kwimizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kwenkqubo)
• Ukuxinana kunye nokuqaqanjelwa ngumqolo ngeentsuku ezilandelayo zokufakwa
• Ukubala phakathi kwamaxesha
• Ukunyuka kwamaxesha angaqhelekanga (okanye akukho kwaphela)
• Ngamanye amaxesha, amaxesha anzima kunye neempawu zokuya exesheni (eziqhelekileyo kwi-IUDs zethusi)

Ukufakwa kolawulo lokuzalwa

Ukufakwa kokulawulwa kokuzalwa yindlela eyandayo yokulawula ixesha elide lokulawula ukuzalwa. Isebenza ngokufanayo kwi-IUD yehomoni, kodwa ifakwe engalweni kunesibeleko.

Yintoni ukufakelwa kolawulo lokuzalwa?

Ukufakwa kolawulo lokuzalwa (i-Nexplanon) yinto encinci yokufaka eplastikhi efakwe engalweni ngumongikazi okanye ngugqirha ngexesha lotyelelo olufutshane eofisini.

Ulawulo lokuzalwa lisebenza njani?

Ukufakelwa kolawulo lokuzalwa kusebenza ngokuthintela i-ovulation kunye nokuqina kwencindi yomlomo wesibeleko egcina isidoda singadadi siye eqandeni.

Ngaba lisebenza kakuhle kangakanani ucwangciso lokuzalwa?

Ukufakwa kolawulo lokuzalwa (njenge-IUD) kusebenza ngempumelelo ngama-99%. Ngokungafaniyo neekhondom okanye ipilisi yolawulo lokuzalwa, phantse akukho ndawo yempazamo yomsebenzisi, eyenza ukuba ulawulo lokuzalwa lufakelwe ngokulinganayo kwimfundiso kunye nokusebenza.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukufakwa kolawulo lokuzalwa?

Ngokuya kwiwebhusayithi yeNexplanon, ukumiliselwa kolawulo lokuzalwa kusebenza iminyaka emithathu . Nangona kunjalo, inokususwa ukuba uthatha isigqibo sokukhulelwa kwisithuba seminyaka emithathu yokufakwa.

Yimalini indlela yokufakwa kolawulo lokuzalwa?

Ukufakwa kokulawulwa kokuzalwa kungabiza imali encinci njenge- $ 0 xa kugutyungelwe ngokupheleleyo yi-inshurensi. Inokubiza i- $ 1,300 xa ingagutyungelwanga. Ukususwa kofakelo lolawulo lokuzalwa kungabiza ukusuka kwi- $ 0 ukuya phezulu kwi- $ 300 kuxhomekeke kwi-inshurensi.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukufakelwa kolawulo lokuzalwa?

Ukufakwa kolawulo lokuzalwa kuthatha malunga neentsuku ezisixhenxe ukuze usebenze ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukufakelwa kufakwe kwiintsuku ezintlanu zokuqala kwexesha lakho, kunokusebenza ngokuthintela ukukhulelwa kwangoko.

Ziziphi iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zofakelo lolawulo lokuzalwa?

Ukufakwa kolawulo lokuzalwa kuneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezininzi ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe.

• Ixesha elilula okanye elinzima
• Akukho kuphuma gazi konke ngexesha lakho
• Ukubala phakathi kwamaxesha
• Ixesha elingalindelekanga phakathi kwamaxesha
• Ukuhamba kweemvakalelo
• Ukutyeba okutyebileyo
• Amabala
• Uxinzelelo
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Intlungu yexeshana kwindawo yokufaka

Ulawulo lokuzalwa ludubule

Ulawulo lokuzalwa luye lwaqala ukwaziswa ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1950 kwaye lwalufumaneka njengolawulo lokuzalwa eUnited States de kwangowe-1992. Njengesiyobisi, inezinye izinto ezininzi ezisetyenziswayo kubandakanya ukunciphisa iimpawu zokuyeka ukuya exesheni.

Luthini ulawulo lokuzalwa?

Ulawulo lokuzalwa ludubule (aka Depo-Provera) yinaliti enikwa rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintathu ukunqanda ukukhulelwa. Ukudubula kunokunikwa yingcali yezonyango okanye, kwezinye iimeko, kunokwenziwa ekhaya. I-Depo-SubQ ilawulwa phantsi kwesikhumba (ngaphantsi) kunokuba kwisisipha (intramuscularly).

Usebenza njani ulawulo lokuzalwa?

Njengolunye uhlobo lwehomoni yolawulo lokuzalwa, ulawulo lokuzalwa ludutyulwa lusebenza ngokuthintela ukukhutshwa kwe-ovulation kunye nokuqina kwencindi yomlomo wesibeleko ukuze isidoda singakwazi ukudada siye kumaqanda. Ifoto inokunikwa rhoqo kwiiveki ezili-10 ukuya kwezi-15 kuxhomekeke kwishedyuli yakho. Nangona kunjalo, abavelisi bancomela ukuba badutyulwe rhoqo kwiiveki ezili-12 kuba umpu awusebenzi kangako xa ulinda ngaphezulu kweeveki ezili-15 phakathi kokudubula.

Usebenza njani ulawulo lokuzalwa?

Xa ilawulwa kwishedyuli egqibeleleyo, ulawulo lokuzalwa ludubula ngama-99% olusebenzayo. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba izithonga azihlali zilawulwa ngexesha, ukusebenza ngokuphakathi ngama-94%.

Ulawulo lokuzalwa luthatha ixesha elingakanani?

Ulawulo lokuzalwa ludubule iinyanga ezintathu. Nangona kunjalo, kunokuthatha iinyanga ezili-10 ngaphandle kokudubula ukukhulelwa. Kuthatha ixesha ukuba iihomoni ziwushiye umzimba wakho.

Lubiza malini ulawulo lokuzalwa?

Ulawulo lokuzalwa lokudubula lunokubiza naphi na ukusuka kwi- $ 0 xa lugqunywe ngokupheleleyo yi-inshurensi ukuya kwi-150 yeedola ngefoto.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukwenza ulawulo lolawulo lokuzalwa?

Emva kolawulo lwakho lokuqala lokuzalwa, kungathatha ukuya kwiintsuku ezisixhenxe ngaphambi kokuba ifoto isebenze. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ucwangcisa ifoto yakho kwiintsuku zokuqala ezintlanu zexesha lakho, inokusebenza kwangoko. Ulawulo lokuzalwa luthatha iinyanga emva kokuba uyifumene. Ngapha koko, kunokuthatha iinyanga ezili-10 emva kokudubula kwakho kokugqibela ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe njengoko iihomoni zithatha ixesha ukuphuma kwinkqubo yakho.

Isikali sokulawula ukuzalwa

Ipatch yokuthintela ukukhulelwa yenye yeendlela ezintsha zolawulo lokuzalwa. Kwafika kwimarike ngo-2002 kwaye iyathandwa phakathi kwabasetyhini abangafuni ukuthatha ipilisi yansuku zonke kwaye abanomdla wokulawula ukuzalwa kwexesha elide.

Yintoni isiqwenga solawulo lokuzalwa?

Isiqwenga solawulo lokuzalwa sisincamathelisi onxiba emzimbeni wakho ngokungathi sisicatshulwa senicotine. Ihlala inxitywe engalweni, kumqolo osezantsi, okanye esiswini. Isiziba kufuneka sitshintshwe kube kanye ngeveki. Olona hlobo luqhelekileyo yiXulane.

Lisebenza njani iqhosha lokulawula ukuzalwa?

Isiqwenga, njengezinye iindlela zolawulo lokuzalwa kwehomoni, sithintela ukukhulelwa ngokunqanda umzimba wakho ukuba ungavuthisi kwaye uqinise umchamo womlomo wesibeleko ogcina isidoda singadibani neqanda.

Sisebenza njani isiqwenga sokuzalwa?

Xa isichibi sisetyenziselwa imiyalelo nganye, sisebenza ngama-99%. Ekusebenziseni okuqhelekileyo, okunegumbi elinempazamo, limalunga ne-91% esebenzayo. Eyona mpazamo ixhaphakileyo yenziwe xa kusetyenziswa isiziba ayitshintshi rhoqo.

Lithatha ixesha elingakanani ipatch yolawulo lokuzalwa?

Isiziba sihlala iintsuku ezisixhenxe kwaye kufuneka sitshintshwe kube kanye ngeveki, ngokufanelekileyo ngexesha elifanayo.

Ixabisa malini ipatch yolawulo lokuzalwa?

Ukuba igqunywe ngokupheleleyo yi-inshurensi yakho, isiziba sinokukhululeka. Nangona kunjalo, kubiza malunga ne-150 yeedola ngommiselo wokugcwalisa ngaphandle kwe-inshurensi.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukusebenza kwepatch?

Ukuba uqala ukusebenzisa ipatch ngaphakathi kweentsuku ezintlanu zokuqala kwexesha lakho, iqala ukusebenza kwangoko. Ukuba uqala ukuyisebenzisa nangaliphi na elinye inqanaba kumjikelo wakho, isiziba singathatha ukuya kwiintsuku ezisixhenxe ukuqala ukusebenza. Ngezi ntsuku zisixhenxe, umenzi ucebisa ukuba usebenzise indlela yesibini yolawulo lokuzalwa, njengeikhondom.

Izinketho zomqobo

Izinketho zomqobo yenye yeendlela zakudala zolawulo lokuzalwa. Iikhondom zamadoda lolona hlobo luthandwayo kuthintelo lokuzalwa, kodwa abantu basetyhini bangazithabathela ezandleni zabo iikhondom zabasetyhini kunye ne diaphragms. Nangona ii-diaphragms zikwayindlela ethintela ulawulo lokuzalwa, azizikhuseli kwii-STD. Ikhondom yamadoda nabasetyhini kuphela kweendlela zokulawula ukuzalwa kolu luhlu olukhusela kwi-STD.

Zisebenza njani iikhondom zamadoda?

Iikhondom zamadoda zisebenza ngokunika umqobo phakathi kwesidoda sendoda kunye neqanda lomfazi. Banxitywe ngaphandle kwilungu lobudoda kwaye zibhityile, ziipakethi ezoluliweyo ezithintela amadlozi ekungeneni.

Zisebenza kangakanani iikhondom zamadoda?

Xa isetyenziswe ngokugqibeleleyo, ikhondomu yamadoda ine-98% esebenzayo ekuthinteleni ukukhulelwa. Ukusetyenziswa kwesiqhelo, iikhondom zi malunga ne-85% esebenzayo. Iikhondom zisebenza ngakumbi xa zisetyenziswa kanye njengoko imiyalelo iyalela kwaye ifakelwe ubungakanani obufanelekileyo belungu lobudoda.

Isebenza njani ikhondom yabasetyhini?

Ikhondom yabasetyhini isebenza ngokusebenza njengomqobo phakathi kwesidoda kunye neqanda ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo. Ngokungafaniyo nekhondom yamadoda, enxitywa kwilungu lobudoda, ikhondom yabasetyhini ingena ngaphakathi kwilungu lobufazi.

Zisebenza kangakanani iikhondom zabasetyhini?

Ngoku ka Umzali ocwangcisiweyo Iikhondom zabasetyhini (ezangaphakathi) zi-95% ezisebenzayo xa zisetyenziswe ngokugqibeleleyo, kodwa malunga ne-79% esebenzayo ngokusetyenziswa kwesiqhelo.

Fumana eyona ndlela isebenzela wena

Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokulawula ukuzalwa kwesizathu: Akukho ndlela enye efanelekileyo kubo bonke abantu. Abasetyhini abaninzi bazama iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuthintela ukukhulelwa ngaphambi kokuba bafumane eyona ndlela isebenzayo kubo nakwimizimba yabo.

Ngoku ukuba uyazi umahluko phakathi kweentlobo ezithandwayo kakhulu zolawulo lokuzalwa, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga noko kukulungeleyo.