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Iingxelo: Ukusetyenziswa, iimveliso eziqhelekileyo kunye nolwazi lokhuseleko

IiNkcukacha zeeNkcukacha zeziyobisi zinceda ukwehlisa amanqanaba e-cholesterol nokunyanga abantu abanesifo sentliziyo okanye ukubetha, okanye abo banesifo seswekile

Iitatins zodidi lwamayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga amanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol . Nangona kunjalo, ukunciphisa amanqanaba e-cholesterol ayisiyiyo kuphela inzuzo enxulumene nokuthatha i-statin. Iingxelo zinokumiselwa ukuthintela iingxaki kwabo bathe bahlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo okanye ukubetha, okanye abo banaso isifo seswekile .

Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde okungakumbi malunga ne-statins, ukusetyenziswa kwazo, kunye neziphumo zazo.

Uluhlu lwee-statins
Igama lebrand (igama eliqhelekileyo)	Ixabiso eliphakathi lemali	Ugcino olulodwa	Funda nzulu
Iilipitor (atorvastatin)	$ 103 nge-30, iipilisi ezingama-20 mg	Fumana iLipitor coupons	Iinkcukacha zeLipitor
I-Lescol (i-fluvastatin)	$ 150.99 nge-30, 20 mg njengezingxobo	Fumana amatikiti eLescol	Iinkcukacha zikaLescol
IMevacor (lovastatin)	$ 234.99 nge-60, 10 iipilisi mg	Fumana amakhuphoni eMevacor	Iinkcukacha zeMevacor
IPravachol (ipravastatin)	$ 53 nge-30, iipilisi ezingama-40 mg	Fumana amatikiti ePravachol	Iinkcukacha zePravachol
ICrestor (irosuvastatin)	$ 309.49 $ 30, 10 iipilisi mg	Fumana amatikiti eCrestor	Iinkcukacha zecrestor
UZocor (simvastatin)	$ 568.76 nge-90, iipilisi ezingama-40 mg	Fumana amatikiti eZocor	Iinkcukacha zeZocor

Eminye imithetho

I-Altoprev (lovastatin)
I-Altocor (i-lovastatin)
ILivalo (pitavastatin)

Yintoni ii-statins?

I-Statins, okanye i-HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, iklasi leziyobisi ezisetyenziselwa ukunceda ukunciphisa amanqanaba e-cholesterol. Abantu abaye baphakamisa amanqanaba e-cholesterol banokumiselwa i-statin. Ukunqongophala kwecholesterol kwimithambo kunokuthintela ukuhamba kwegazi, okunokunyusa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo okanye ukubetha.

Iimolekyuli zamafutha , okanye i-lipids, egazini, inokubandakanya i-cholesterol ye-LDL, i-cholesterol ye-HDL, kunye ne-triglycerides. I-LDL, okanye i-cholesterol esezantsi-lipoprotein cholesterol, yile nto ithathwa njengekholesterol embi ngelixa i-HDL, okanye i-lipoprotein cholesterol ephezulu, yeyona nto ithathwa njenge-cholesterol elungileyo. Amanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol ye-HDL inxulunyaniswa neziphumo zokhuselo kwimpilo yentliziyo. Amanqanaba aphezulu e-triglycerides anokunyusa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo kunye nemivumbo. Iingxelo ngokubanzi zijolise kumanqanaba e-cholesterol ye-LDL.

I-Statins ngamachiza athoba i-cholesterol afunyenwe ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo kunye nemivumbo. Banokunikwa njengonyango lokuthintela abo banomngcipheko ophezulu wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo okanye ukubetha. Banokumiselwa ukuba bathintele ukuphindaphinda kwesigulo sentliziyo kubantu esele benesifo sentliziyo okanye ukubetha.

Zisebenza njani ii-statins?

I-Statins isebenza ngokuthintela ukuveliswa kwe-enzyme yesibindi eyenza i-cholesterol. Ukunciphisa i-HMG-CoA kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kwimveliso ye-cholesterol esibindini. Xa le enzyme ivaliwe, amanqanaba e-cholesterol esegazini ayathotywa. IiStatins zinokuhlisa amanqanaba e-cholesterol ye-LDL ngama-30% ukuya kuma-50%.

Iziyobisi ze-Statin zikwanceda umzimba wakho ukuba uphinde uphinde ufake i-cholesterol ebekwe kwiindonga zemithambo yegazi (i-atherosclerosis). Umzimba wakho ufuna icholesterol ukuze wenze imisebenzi, njengokugaya ukutya, ukuveliswa kwehomoni, kunye nokufakwa kweevithamini. Njengoko i-cholesterol encinci iveliswa kwisibindi, umzimba wakho kufuneka ufune enye imithombo. Oku kukhokelela ekubuyiselweni kwakhona kwe-LDL equkethe iiplathi kwimithambo yakho, enokunceda ukuthoba amanqanaba e-cholesterol egazini ngokubanzi.

Umboneleli wezempilo unokucebisa utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila , njengokutya ukutya okusempilweni okunamafutha amaninzi, ukuzilolonga rhoqo, ukuyeka ukutshaya, kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala, ngaphambi kokumisela umthetho. Olu tshintsho kwindlela yokuphila luyacetyiswa ngelixa liphathwa nge-statin ukunceda ukuthoba amanqanaba e-cholesterol.

Zisetyenziselwa ntoni ii-statins?

Iitatins zisetyenziselwa ukuphatha amanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol (hyperlipidemia), anokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki zentliziyo kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

Seswekile
Igazi elonyukayo
Ukutyeba kakhulu
Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo
Ukubetha
Izifo zesifo semithambo
IHypercholesterolemia eqhelekileyo

Ukuba awunayo imbali yale miqathango, umboneleli wakho wezempilo unokucebisa i-statin yamanyathelo okukhusela ukuba uthathwa njengomntu onomngcipheko omkhulu. Ziyacetyiswa izitatimende ukuba ubuncinci i-10% ithuba lokuphuhlisa isifo sentliziyo kwiminyaka elishumi ezayo. Umboneleli wakho unokubonelela ngokuhlola okuya kukunceda ukumisela inqanaba lomngcipheko wakho. Imiba yomngcipheko inokubandakanya ukutya okungalunganga, ukutshaya, kunye nenqanaba lomsebenzi ophantsi.

Ngubani onokuthatha ii-statins?

Abantu abadala

Inkqubo ye- Umbutho wentliziyo yaseMelika icebisa ukuba abantu abadala abasemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo kunye nokufa icala bathathe istin. Kuya kwenziwa uvavanyo lwegazi ukumisela amanqanaba e-cholesterol akhoyo ngoku. Abantu abanenqanaba le-LDL le-190 mg / dL okanye ngaphezulu, isifo sentliziyo esele sikhona, abaneminyaka engama-40 ukuya kwengama-75 ubudala abanesifo seswekile sesi-2, okanye abaneminyaka engama-40 ukuya kwengama-75 ubudala nge-7.5% okanye umngcipheko ophezulu wokuba isifo sentliziyo unokucetyiswa ukuba uthathe i-statin.

Abantwana

Unyango lwe-Statin luvunyiwe kubantwana abanembali yosapho yamanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol (usapho lwe-hypercholesterolemia). Ngokubanzi, ukusetyenziswa kwe-statin kunokuqalwa kubantwana abaneminyaka eli-8 ukuya kweli-10 ubudala kodwa kufuneka kubekwe esweni ngononophelo yingcali. Okwangoku, iMevacor (lovastatin), iZocor (simvastatin), Pravachol (pravastatin), Crestor (rosuvastatin), kunye neLipitor (atorvastatin) zamkelwe ukuze zisetyenziswe ebantwaneni yiU.S.Ukutya kunye noLawulo lweeDrug (FDA). Unyango lwe-Statin kufuneka luqalwe ngokuhambelana notshintsho kwindlela yokuphila, kubandakanya ukuguqulwa kokutya kunye nokwanda komzimba.

Abadala

Abantu abadala banokuthatha ngokukhuselekileyo ii-statins, kwaye abo banesifo sentliziyo esomeleleyo kufuneka baqhubeke nokunyanga ngamayeza e-statin. Imilinganiselo yamayeza athile e-statin angaphantsi kubantu abadala kunamanye amaqela eminyaka.

Ngaba i-statins ikhuselekile?

Ngokubanzi, ii-statins zikhuselekile ukuba zingathathwa. Nangona kunjalo, amaqela ambalwa abantu kufuneka aphephe i-statins, kwaye amanye amayeza akufanele axutywe kunye ne-statins.

Ijusi yamagilebhisi kufuneka ithintelwe ngelixa ithatha i-statins. Ijusi yamagilebhisi inokuthintela i-enzyme yesibindi enoxanduva lokuqhubekeka nokucoca ii-statins emzimbeni. Oku kungakhokelela kumanqanaba okwanda kwe-statin emzimbeni. Ukunyuka kwamanqanaba e-statin emzimbeni kunokunyusa umngcipheko weziphumo ezibi, ezinje nge-myopathy (ubuthathaka bemisipha) kunye ne-rhabdomyolysis (ukwaphuka kwemisipha). Ukongeza, umngcipheko weziphumo ezibi unokunyuswa xa ii-statins zithathwa ngala mayeza alandelayo:

I-Sporanox (itraconazole)
I-Erythrocin (erythromycin)
Iserzone (nefazodone)
Isandimmune (cyclosporine)
Cardizem (diltiazem)
I-Calan (i-verapamil)

Amayeza ahlelwe njenge-bile acid sequestrants (imizekelo ibandakanya iColestid kunye neQuestran) inokuphazamisa ukufunxwa kweemimiselo. Thatha i-statins ubuncinci iyure enye okanye iiyure ezine emva kokuba uthathe amayeza afana neColestid okanye i-Questran.

Kunokubakho umngcipheko owandayo wokopha xa ii-statins zithathwa kunye neCoumadin (warfarin). Nangona kunjalo, lo mngcipheko inokuba sezantsi Ngale mimiselo ilandelayo ngokuthelekiswa neminye imithetho:

Iilipitor (atorvastatin)
IPravachol (ipravastatin)

Kukho umngcipheko okhulayo wokungaphumeleli kwesibindi okanye i-rhabdomyolysis xa ii-statins zithathwa kunye ne-Niaspan (niacin) okanye i-fibrate (iLopid okanye iTricor).

Ukuthatha iSt John's Wort kunye neMevacor (lovastatin) okanye iZocor (simvastatin) kungakhokelela ekunciphiseni amanqanaba e-statin, anokukhokelela ekunciphiseni ukusebenza konyango lwe-statin.

UStatin ukhumbula

Ukukhumbula iPravastatin, 2/6/2018

Izithintelo zestatin

Abantu abadala abanesifo esisebenzayo sesibindi okanye amanqanaba e-enzyme yesibindi engaqhelekanga akufuneki bathathe ii-statins. Thetha nomboneleli wezempilo malunga nezinye izilumkiso kunye nezilumkiso ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa kweemimiselo.

Ngaba ungawathatha ama-statins ngelixa ukhulelwe okanye uncancisa?

Unyango lwe-Statin luyaphikiswa xa ukhulelwe. Abasetyhini abanokukhulelwa baya kufuna ukuthatha amanyathelo okhuseleko malunga nokukhulelwa okanye ukunqanda ukuthatha i-statin ukuba banqwenela ukukhulelwa. Abasetyhini abancancisayo kufuneka bakuphephe ukuthatha ii-statins.

Ngaba izinto ezilawulwa yimimiselo?

Hayi, ii-statins azizizo izinto ezilawulwayo.

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ze-statin

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo zibandakanya:

Intloko ebuhlungu
Ubuhlungu bemisipha
Ukudinwa
Ifiva
Urhudo
Isicaphucaphu
Ukuhlanza
Isisu sikhathazekile
Irhashalala

Iziphumo ezibi kakhulu kodwa ezinqabileyo ze-statins zibandakanya:

Intlungu ebuhlungu yemisipha
IRhabdomyolysis, okanye ukonakala kwemisipha
Iingxaki ezinzima zesibindi

Nangona kunqabile, ii-statins zinokubangela imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-rhabdomyolysis. IRhabdomyolysis ikhokelela ekonakaleni komzimba kwezihlunu. Ukonakala kwezihlunu zemisipha kungakhokelela ekukhululweni kweprotein ethile ebizwa ngokuba yi-myoglobin egazini, enokonakalisa izintso. Iimpawu zerhabdomyolysis zibandakanya iintlungu zomzimba, ukonakala kwesibindi kunye nokusilela kwezintso.

Ukusetyenziswa kwee-statins, ngakumbi kwiidosi eziphezulu, kuye kwayanyaniswa nako ukulahleka kwememori . Nangona kunjalo, le mpembelelo yecala inqabile, kwaye iyabuya emva kokuyeka unyango. Kwelinye icala, ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuba ii-statins zikhusela isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo kunye nesifo se-Alzheimer.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinzulu ezinxulunyaniswa nee-statins zihlala zinqabile kwaye zinxulunyaniswa namanani aphezulu. Olu luhlu lweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga alubanzi. Ukuthetha nengcali yezempilo yeyona ndlela ifanelekileyo yokufumana uluhlu olupheleleyo lweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ukuze uqiniseke ukuba ukuthatha ibala kufanelekile. Ukuba uneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga nge-statin ethile, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ngomgaqo owahlukileyo.

Tshela ugqirha wakho ukuba unembali yayo nayiphi na kwezi zinto zilandelayo ngaphambi kokuthatha istinim.

Ukwahlula okwaziwayo kwimimiselo
Isifo sesibindi okanye amanqanaba e-enzyme ephakanyisiweyo
Amanye amayeza owathathayo ngoku
Ukukhulelwa okanye umnqweno wokukhulelwa kungekudala
Ukuncancisa

Ixabisa malini ii-statins?

I-Statins ziqhelekile ngamayeza afikelelekayo afumaneka kwigama lophawu kunye nakwindlela eqhelekileyo. Phantse onke amayeza kunye nezicwangciso zeinshurensi ziya kugubungela imimiselo. Iindleko ziya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwisicwangciso sakho seinshurensi. Ngaphandle kweinshurensi, ixabiso lingahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kunyango kunye nobungakanani beepilisi ezimiselweyo. Nangona kunjalo, usebenzisa ikhadi lesaphulelo semithi isuka kwi-SingleCare inokunceda ukunciphisa iindleko zeetempins.