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Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zeSumatriptan kunye nendlela yokuzikhusela

Ulwazi lweziyobisi iSumatriptan inyanga i-migraines ebukhali kunye neentloko zentloko kodwa unyango lunokuza neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga

ISumatriptan succinate sisiyobisi esenziwe ngohlobo oluqhelekileyo esetyenziselwa unyango lwe-migraine etsolo kunye nentloko yeentloko. Iimpawu ze-Migraine zibangelwa ukwandiswa kwemithambo yegazi entloko xa i-nerve ye-trigeminal nerve igqithile. Iziyobisi ezinje nge-sumatriptan, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-triptans okanye i-5HT receptor agonists, inciphisa iimpawu ze-migraine ngokuqinisa imithambo yegazi entlokweni.

Uninzi lwabantu lufezekisa ukukhululeka okukhulu kwiimpawu ze-migraine zisebenzisa i-sumatriptan ngeendlela zayo ezahlukeneyo, kodwa eli yeza alilunganga kuwo wonke umntu. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ngamanye amaxesha zinokuba nzulu, kwaye i-sumatriptan inokuba mandundu kwimeko ezingaphantsi kwezonyango okanye inxibelelane namanye amayeza athathwayo.

Ezinxulumene: Funda ngakumbi malunga ne-sumatriptan

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela isumatriptan

Njengazo zonke iziyobisi, i-sumatriptan inokuvelisa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezingafunekiyo. Iziphumo ezibi kakhulu ziya kuxhomekeka kwindlela ethathwa ngayo i-sumatriptan: njengepilisi, ukutshiza ngeempumlo, umgubo wamanzi, okanye inaliti engaphantsi. Imiphumela ziqhelekile kuzo zonke iifomathi ye-sumatriptan ibandakanya:

Iimvakalelo ezingaqhelekanga
Ukuvutha okanye ukujija ukuziva ezandleni okanye ezinyaweni
Ukutshisa okanye ukubanda kulusu
Intamo, umqala, okanye iintlungu zomhlathi / ukuqina
Intlungu yesifuba okanye ukuqina
Ukuziva ubunzima
Ukudinwa

Ukwengeza, Inaliti yes sumatriptan inokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinje:

Isiyezi okanye i-vertigo
Ukuhluza
Ukuphendula kwendawo yenaliti
Ukozela

Xa ithathwa njengesitshizi sempumlo okanye umgubo, i-sumatriptan ivelisa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo:

Ukunambitheka okungalunganga okanye okungaqhelekanga
Isicaphucaphu
Ukuphazamiseka kwempumlo
Impumlo egudileyo okanye ukuxinana kwempumlo
Isiyezi okanye i-vertigo

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimandundu zes sumatriptan

Ngenxa yokuba i-sumatriptan iqinisa imithambo yegazi, inokuvelisa iziphumo ezibi kakhulu nezisongela ubomi ezibandakanya intliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi, kunye neenkqubo zomzimba abazixhasayo. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezininzi zibangelwa kukuqaqanjelwa kwemithambo yegazi, ebizwa ngokuba zi-vasospasms. Iziphumo ezibi kakhulu zeSumatriptan zibandakanya:

Igazi elonyukayo kubandakanya ingxaki yoxinzelelo lwegazi (uxinzelelo lwegazi olungaphezulu kwe-180/120 mmHg)
Spasms yegazi lentliziyo yokuhambisa igazi (i-coronary artery vasospasm okanye i-angina ye-Prinzmetal)
Iingxaki zentliziyo ezinzulu ezinje:
- I-ventricular tachycardia (ukukhawulezisa ukubetha kwentliziyo ye-ventricular)
- I-Ventricular fibrillation (ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga)
- I-Arrhythmias (ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokungaqhelekanga)
- Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo
- Ukufa kwethishu yentliziyo (myocardial ischemia)
Iingxaki zeCerebrovascular ezifana:
- Ukopha ebuchotsheni (ukopha ebuchotsheni okanye ukopha okungaphantsi kweseleachnoid)
- Ukubetha
Iingxaki zesitya segazi ezinje:
- Ukufa kwezicubu ngenxa yokuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi emalungwini (peripheral vascular ischemia), inkqubo yokwetyisa (amathumbu ischemia), okanye udakada (splenic infarction)
- Ukulahleka kombono okanye ukungaboni
- Isifo sikaRaynaud
Ukuxhuzula
Isifo seSerotonin
Intloko yokunyanga kwamayeza
Iziphumo ezibi kakhulu kubandakanya i-anaphylaxis kunye ne-angioedema

Zithatha ixesha elingakanani iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-sumatriptan?

ISumatriptan sisiyobisi esisebenza ixesha elifutshane kunye nesiqingatha sobomi bokujikeleza iiyure ezimbini . Idosi yesatratriptan iya kususwa ngokupheleleyo emzimbeni kwiiyure ezili-10. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezincinci ziya kuthi ziphele ngelo xesha. Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, ezinje nge-serotonin syndrome okanye unyango olusebenzisayo xa lusebenzisa amayeza, ziya kufuna ukuba i-sumatriptan iyekwe ubuncinci okwethutyana. Ukuchacha kungathatha iintsuku ezimbalwa. Iziphumo ezibi kakhulu ezibangelwa ziingxaki ze-vascular, ezifana ne-stroke, ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo, okanye ukufa kwezicubu (ischemia), kunokubangela iimeko zonyango ezingapheliyo okanye ezinobomi.

Izimo kunye nezilumkiso zeSumatriptan

ISumatriptan ayibangeli ukuxhomekeka emzimbeni nasengqondweni. Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenzisa i-sumatriptan okanye naliphi na iyeza lentloko linokuvelisa amayeza-asetyenziswa gwenxa yintloko (MOH), imeko apho Intloko inyuka rhoqo kunye nokuqina , Ukuvelisa umjikelo okhohlakeleyo wokusetyenziswa gwenxa kwamayeza kulandelwa ziintloko eziqaqambayo.

Ukuthatha ngaphezulu kwethamo elicetyiswayo kufuneka kusoloko kuthintelwe. I-Sumatriptan inciphisa imithambo yegazi, ngenxa yoko ukugqithisa okungaphezulu kunokubangela ukuthuthumela, ukunciphisa ukuphefumla, ukuphulukana nokulungelelanisa, iingxaki zombono, okanye ukubanjwa. Unyango libanda libandakanya ukujonga kunye nokujonga ubuncinci iiyure ezili-10.

I-Sumatriptan inefuthe elibalulekileyo kwaye ngamanye amaxesha elinemithambo yegazi, ngenxa yoko abantu abaninzi abanako ukuthatha amayeza, kubandakanya abantwana abaneminyaka eli-17 nangaphantsi. Abantu abadala kunama-65, nangona kunjalo, banokuthatha i-sumatriptan ngeedosi eziqhelekileyo, njengabantu abaneengxaki zezintso (ukukhubazeka kwezintso) okanye abaneengxaki zesibindi ezinobunzima bokumodareyitha (ukukhubazeka kwe-hepatic).

Abantu ababonisa umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo njengoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, i-cholesterol ephezulu, isifo seswekile, ubunzima obugqithisileyo, umkhwa wokutshaya, okanye imbali yosapho yesifo sentliziyo akufuneki banikwe i-sumatriptan de kuvavanyo lwentliziyo olupheleleyo lumisele ukuba intliziyo iphilile. Ukukhulelwa, ukuncancisa, kunye nayo nayiphi na imbali yokuhlutha zizizathu zokuba ulumke malunga nokuthatha i-sumatriptan.

Ngenxa yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokuba yingozi, i-sumatriptan ayinakuthathwa ngabantu abane:

Iingxaki zentliziyo okanye imbali yeengxaki zentliziyo
Imbali yeengxaki ze-cerebrovascular (stroke) kubandakanywa ukuhlaselwa kwe-ischemic (TIA)
Ukunciphisa imithana yegazi kwiingalo, emilenzeni, kwizintso, okanye kwisisu (isifo semithambo yegazi)
Uxinzelelo lwegazi olungalawulwayo (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu)
I-hemiplegic migraines okanye i-migraines ene-brainstem aura (basilar migraines)
Ischemic isifo samathumbu
Isifo esibi sesibindi
Hypersensitivity ukuba ichiza

Ugqirha unokunceda ekuchongeni ukuba ngaba imigraines yimigraines ye-hemiplegic okanye i-migraines ene-brainstem aura. Kwakukholelwa ukuba ezi migraines zibangelwa kukucuthwa kwemithambo, ke ii-triptan, ezinemithambo emxinwa ngakumbi, zithintelwa njengonyango lwezi ntlobo ze-migraine.

Unxibelelwano lweSumatriptan

Ukudibanisa i-sumatriptan kunye neentlobo ezithile zamachiza kunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, ezinokusongela ubomi, ezinje ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi, ukuphambana kwemithambo yegazi (vasospasms), okanye i-serotonin syndrome.

Ngenxa yomngcipheko wokunxibelelana kweziyobisi okuyingozi, i-sumatriptan ayikaze ithathwe kunye:

I-MAO inhibitors (MAOIs) ezinje ngeMarplan (isocarboxazid), phenelzine, tranylcypromine, linezolid, isoniazid, procarbazine, kunye selegiline
Okunye itriptan Njenge-naratriptan, almotriptan, rizatriptan, zolmitriptan, eletriptan, okanye frovatriptan
Ergot iziyobisi ze-migraine Njenge-ergotamine, dihydroergotamine, methysergide, okanye methylergonovine

Ngenxa yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho, ukudibanisa i-sumatriptan kunye namanye amayeza aqhelekileyo okanye iziyobisi ezingaphaya kwekhawuntari kunokufuna ulumkiso:

Iziyobisi zeSerotonergic: Iziyobisi ezinje nge-sumatriptan ephakamisa amanqanaba e-serotonin kwingqondo ibizwa ngokuba ngamachiza e-serotonergic. I-serotonin eninzi, nangona kunjalo, inokuba yingozi kwaye ikhokelele isifo se-serotonin . Le meko inokuvela kwingxaki engaphawulekiyo isoyikise ubomi. Ii-triptans ezithathwe zodwa kunqabile ukuba zibangele i-serotonin syndrome. Nangona kunjalo, ukudibanisa ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu iziyobisi ze-serotonergic kunokunyusa ngokubonakalayo umngcipheko we-serotonin syndrome. Amachiza eSerotonergic ekufuneka ephetshwe xa uthatha i-sumatriptan ibandakanya i-anti-depressants, amayeza e-antipsychotic, amayeza e-bipolar disorder, i-amphetamines, i-opioid pain relievers, amayeza okuhlutha, amayeza athile okukhwehlela, kunye neziyobisi ezanyanga iimpawu zesifo sika-Parkinson.
Iziphumo ze-Ergot: ISumatriptan akufuneki idityaniswe neziyobisi, kodwa iindidi ezininzi zamachiza ziziphumo zeergot kwaye zinokufuna ukuthintelwa. Njengakwiziyobisi ze-serotonergic, ukudibanisa i-sumatriptan kunye ne-ergot derivatives kuphakamisa umngcipheko we-serotonin syndrome kunye nokudakumba okanye ukulahleka koququzelelo.
Izinto ezikhuthazayo: ISumatriptan ibangela ukuba imithambo yegazi inciphe, inyuse uxinzelelo lwegazi. Ngapha koko, i-sumatriptan ithathe yonke into iyodwa inokuvelisa uxinzelelo lwexinzelelo, imeko yonyango engxamisekileyo apho uxinzelelo lwegazi lonyuswe kakhulu. Ngesi sizathu, ayisiyongcamango ilungileyo ukudibanisa i-sumatriptan kunye nezikhuthazi. Iziyobisi ezinje ii-amphetamines, ii-arhente zokuvuka, amayeza e-ADHD, amayeza okuphelisa impumlo, ii-bronchodilators, kunye ne-suppressant ye-appetite zikwanyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi, ke ukudityaniswa kunokuba yingozi. Kwakhona, abantu bayacetyiswa ukuba bangadluli kwizikhuthazi eziqhelekileyo ezinjenge-caffeine ngeentsuku abathatha ngazo idosi ye-sumatriptan.
Amanye amachiza anyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi : Amanye amachiza anyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi kufuneka nawo aphetshwe okanye athathwe ngononophelo. Oku kubandakanya ii-NSAID, iipilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa, amayeza e-sympathomimetic (anjenge-epinephrine), kunye namayeza okunciphisa umzimba.
Uxinzelelo lwegazi: Ngenxa yokuba i-sumatriptan inyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi, ukusebenza kweyeza-ukunciphisa amayeza kuya kunciphisa xa uthatha i-sumatriptan.
Uxinzelelo: ISumatriptan inokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinje ukozela, isiyezi, okanye ilahleko yokulungelelanisa. Oku kunokuba yingxaki enkulu xa uqhuba okanye usenza izinto ezinobungozi. Ukukhubazeka kwamachiza kunokuba mandundu xa i-sumatriptan idityaniswa noxinzelelo olufana notywala, ii-sedatives, i-benzodiazepines, i-barbiturates kunye neyeza lokuthimba.

Ungayiphepha njani imiphumela emibi yes sumatriptan

I-Sumatriptan inokuphelisa ngempumelelo ukuhlaselwa kwe-migraine kubantu abaninzi, kodwa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zihlala zingumngcipheko. Kukho, nangona kunjalo, izikhokelo ezimbalwa ezinokukunceda ukunciphisa ukubakho kweziphumo ezibi ngelixa unceda ukwandisa izibonelelo ze sumatriptan.

1. Xelela ugqirha malunga nazo zonke iimeko zonyango kunye namayeza

Ngaphambi kokuba i-sumatriptan imiselwe, xelela ugqirha okanye ugqirha wezempilo malunga:

Naziphi na iimeko zonyango ezikhoyo, ngakumbi iingxaki zentliziyo, iingxaki zokuhamba, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, icholesterol ephezulu, isifo seswekile, iingxaki zezintso, okanye iingxaki zesibindi
Nayiphi na imbali yokubanjwa
Nayiphi na imbali yosapho yeengxaki zentliziyo okanye ukubetha
Ukukhulelwa, ukonga, okanye naziphi na izicwangciso zokukhulelwa
Ukutshaya
Onke amayeza amayeza kunye nalawo athengiswayo, izongezo, kunye namayeza esintu ayathathwa, ngakumbi i-monoamine oxidase inhibitors (i-MAOIs), i-tricyclic antidepressants, ii-SSRI (i-serotonin reuptake inhibitors ekhethiweyo), okanye ii-SNRIs (i-serotonin ekhethiweyo kunye ne-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors)

2. Thatha i-sumatriptan njengoko kuyalelwe

Thatha idosi njengoko kumiselwe. Musa ukunyusa okanye ukutshintsha idosi. Ngaphezulu kwako konke, sukuthatha ngaphezulu kweedosi ezimbini ngexesha elinye leyure ezingama-24. Ukuba idosi yokuqala ayisebenzi kwaphela, sukuthatha idosi yesibini de udibane nogqirha okanye nolunye unyango kwezonyango. Kukho amathuba okuba iimpawu azibangelwa yimigraine.

3. Qonda imiyalelo yedosi

Qiniseka ukuba uyayiqonda kwaye uyifundile imiyalelo yokuthatha idosi yes sumatriptan. Nangona kulula ukuthatha iipilisi ze-sumatriptan, ezinye iifom zinokuba nzima ngakumbi okanye zidideke ukuthatha. Xa i-sumatriptan imiselwe okokuqala, umboneleli wezempilo uya kuthi abonise indlela efanelekileyo yokuthatha idosi. Ngamanye amaxesha abaguli baya kuthatha idosi yokuqala eofisini phantsi kweliso lengcali yezempilo. Nokuba unomboniso, kusoloko kungumbono olungileyo ukuphonononga imiyalelo eneenkcukacha kwaye eboniswa rhoqo eza neliyeza rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba lithathwa ngokuchanekileyo.

4. Thatha idosi yes sumatriptan kwakamsinya nje xa iimpawu ziqala

ISumatriptan inokuthathwa nangaliphi na ixesha xa iimpawu ze-migraine banamava, kodwa kusebenza kakhulu ekukhuseleni iimpawu xa kuthathwe kufutshane nokuqala kweempawu.

5. Musa ukuthatha i-sumatriptan okanye amanye amayeza e-migraine ngaphezulu kwamaxesha ali-10 ngenyanga

Abantu abasebenzisa i-sumatriptan kunye namanye amayeza okanye amayeza e-migraine e-over-the-counter 10 okanye nangaphezulu ngenyanga abasemngciphekweni wokusetyenziswa gwenxa ngamayeza. Ukuba iintloko ezine okanye ezingaphezulu zinamava inyanga nenyanga, funa ingcebiso kwezonyango kugqirha okanye kolunye unyango ngaphambi kokuba uthathe amayeza amaninzi.

6. Ziphephe izinto eziyingozi okanye ezintsonkothileyo

ISumatriptan inokubangela ukozela kwaye ichaphazele ulungelelwaniso. Xa uqala ukuthatha i-sumatriptan, kunqande ukuqhuba okanye ukwenza izinto ezinobungozi okanye ezifuna ukugxila. Nje ukuba uqiniseke ukuba i-sumatriptan ayibangeli ukuphazamiseka, zibandakanye kule misebenzi ngononophelo nanini na xa kuthathwe idosi. Gwema utywala okanye nawaphi na amayeza abangela ukozela okanye ukuphazamiseka emva kokuthatha idosi yes sumatriptan.