Iimpawu zomkhuhlane 101: Ngaba ngumkhuhlane okanye enye into?

Imfundo yezeMpilo

Nazi Amatyala angama-25 ukuya kuma-50 ezigidi yomkhuhlane ngonyaka e-US kuphela, kodwa ayizizo zonke izifo zasebusika ngumkhuhlane. Umkhuhlane luhlobo oluthile losulelo lokuphefumla olubangelwa yintsholongwane yomkhuhlane. Umkhuhlane usasazeka ngokudibana nomntu osulelekileyo, okanye kunqabile ukuba wosuleleke isilwanyana . Inokuba nzima kakhulu kubantu abasemngciphekweni omkhulu njengabantu abadala, abantwana abancinci, kunye nabantu abaneemeko zonyango ezingapheliyo. Umkhuhlane ngamanye amaxesha ungabonakala ufana nezinye izifo ezinje ngengqele eqhelekileyo okanye i-coronavirus. Kodwa ukuba uyazi ukuba zeziphi iimpawu ezinxulunyaniswa nosulelo ngalunye, kulula kakhulu ukukuqonda. Esi sisikhokelo seempawu zomkhuhlane esisigxina sakho.

Zithini iimpawu zomkhuhlane?

Intsholongwane yomkhuhlane iza neempawu ezahlukeneyo. Ezinye zeempawu zokuqala zibandakanya:

• Impumlo egudileyo okanye exineneyo
• Umnyinyiva emqaleni
• Ubuhlungu bomzimba buthathaka
• Ukudinwa okungaqhelekanga
• Ukuthimla

Kwiimeko ezininzi, ezi azikho mnene ixesha elide. Iimpawu zomkhuhlane zinokunyuka ngokukhawuleza kwaye zibandakanye:

• Ifiva
• Ukugodola
• Umqala obuhkungu
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Khohlela
• Ukudinwa

Iimpawu zomkhuhlane ebantwaneni zihlala zifana nezo zifunyanwa kubantu abadala. Nangona kunjalo, abantwana kunokwenzeka ngakumbi ukuba bafumane a umkhuhlane ophezulu (I-103 ° F ukuya kwi-105 ° F) okanye imiba yesisu njenge-nausea, ukugabha kunye norhudo.

Izifo zibonakaliswa ngokwahlukileyo kubantu abohlukeneyo, ke kunokwenzeka ukuba ube nomkhuhlane ngaphandle kwempawu zokuphefumla, kodwa kunqabile.

Iimpawu zomkhuhlane ngokuchasene namagama omkhuhlane

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi kunye neentsholongwane zomkhuhlane, kwaye kunokuba nzima ukwahlula phakathi kwazo kusekelwe kwiimpawu zodwa. Intsholongwane yomkhuhlane ineendidi ezininzi kunye nee-subtypes. Nazi iindidi ezine ezibanzi zentsholongwane yomkhuhlane : umkhuhlane A, B, C, kunye no-D.

I-Influenza A kunye no-B zixhaphake kakhulu ukubangela ukuba umkhuhlane wexesha elithile sikhathazeke ngonyaka ngamnye, kwaye iimpawu ziyafana ngokufanayo kungangaba nzima ukwahlula ngaphandle kovavanyo lwelabhoratri lokuqinisekisa.

Ngelixa uMkhuhlane C ungosulela nabantu, iimpawu zihlala ziphantsi kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nosulelo lwe-Influenza A kunye no-B.

Umkhuhlane D usulela iinkomo kuphela.

Khumbula ukuba igama elithi umkhuhlane ligama elingalunganga kwaye lihlala lisetyenziswa ngokungachanekanga. Umzekelo, umkhuhlane wesisu ubizwa ngokuba yi-viral gastroenteritis kwaye ayisosifo sokuphefumla okanye unxulumene nomkhuhlane kwaphela, kodwa ubangelwa ziintsholongwane ezahlukeneyo ezinje nge-noroviruses okanye i-rotavirus.

Umkhuhlane vs.
Igama eliqhelekileyo	Umkhuhlane	Umkhuhlane wesisu
Intsholongwane	Umkhuhlane A okanye uB	INoroviruses, irotavirus
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo	Ifiva Ukugodola Ubuhlungu bomzimba Umqala obuhkungu Intloko ebuhlungu Ukudinwa	Intlungu zesisu Isicaphucaphu Ukuhlanza Urhudo Ukugodola Ukudinwa Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya Ifiva

Iimpawu zomkhuhlane ngokuchasene nokubanda okuqhelekileyo

Ingqele eqhelekileyo kunye nomkhuhlane zabelana ngeempawu ezimbalwa, ngoko zihlala zididekile. Ngelixa zombini zinokubangela ukuphuma kwempumlo, umqala obuhlungu, kunye nokukhohlela, ukubanda kunqabile kubangele umkhuhlane, iintlungu zomzimba, okanye ukudinwa.

Umkhuhlane vs ingqele eqhelekileyo
Umkhuhlane	Okubandayo Okunye
Ifiva Ukugodola Ubuhlungu bomzimba Umqala obuhkungu Intloko ebuhlungu Ukudinwa	Impumlo eqinileyo Ukuthimla Umqala obuhkungu Khohlela Ukuxubana Umkhuhlane ophantsi

Iimpawu zomkhuhlane ngokuchasene ne-COVID-19

Njengokuba ubhubhane we-COVID-19 ugqugqisile e-United States-nakwilizwe liphela-unezigidi zabantu ezibuza ukuba ingaba ubambe i-coronavirus okanye umkhuhlane wamaxesha onyaka. Zombini zineempawu ezifanayo kunye neendlela zokudlulisela, kodwa i-coronavirus iyosulela ngakumbi, kwaye Iimpawu zalo zithatha ixesha elide ukukhula . Umahluko obaluleke kakhulu kukuba i-COVID-19 ixhaphake kakhulu ibangela ukuphefumla okufutshane kunye nelahleko yencasa okanye yevumba.

Umkhuhlane vs COVID-19
Umkhuhlane	Intsholongwane ye-Corona
Ifiva Ukugodola Ubuhlungu bomzimba Umqala obuhkungu Intloko ebuhlungu Ukudinwa	Ifiva Khohlela Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo Ubuhlungu bemisipha Ukudinwa Ukuphulukana nokungcamla okanye ivumba Impumlo enemifinya

Ezinxulumene: ICoronavirus ngokuchasene nomkhuhlane ngokuchasene nokubanda

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba zivele iimpawu zomkhuhlane? Zihlala ixesha elingakanani?

Makhe sijonge ixesha. Iimpawu zingaqala ukubonakala emva kweentsuku ezine emva kokuvezwa kwintsholongwane (ubukhulu becala zimbini). Zidla ngokuhlala iintsuku ezintlanu ukuya kwezisixhenxe. Ezinye iimpawu, njengokukhathala, zinokuhlala iiveki ezimbini. Ngokwesiqhelo, umntu onomkhuhlane uyosulela malunga neveki eqala kusuku olunye ngaphambi kokubonisa iimpawu zokugula. Ukufumana isitofu sokugonya umkhuhlane, nangona kunjalo, kunokunceda ukunciphisa ixesha lomkhuhlane kwaye ekugqibeleni kungosuleleka.

Eli xesha linokuba lide kumaqela asemngciphekweni njengabantu abadala, abantwana abancinci, abasetyhini abakhulelweyo, kunye nabantu abaneemeko ezinganyangekiyo okanye amajoni omzimba abuthathaka. La maqela asemngciphekweni omkhulu weengxaki, ezinokubandakanya:

• Ukukrala kwemiphunga
• Usulelo lwendlebe
• Usulelo lweSinus
• Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni

Ukugqithisa, ubunzima bomkhuhlane obuninzi kubandakanya ukudumba kwentliziyo, ingqondo, okanye izihlunu, kunye nokusilela komzimba.

Ingqele eqhelekileyo inexesha elifanayo lokufukama, ngokukhawuleza nje kancinci. Iimpawu zinokubonakala kwangoko emva kweentsuku ezili-10 ukuya kwezi-12 emva kosulelo, ukuphakama kwisithuba sentsuku enye ukuya kwezintathu, kunye nokugqibela kwiintsuku ezintathu ukuya kwezili-10.

ICoronavirus, kwelinye icala, ikhula kancinci. NgokwamaZiko oLawulo noKuthintela izifo Iimpawu zinokubonakala emva kweentsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezili-14 emva kokuvezwa kwaye zihlala ixesha elingangeeveki ezimbini. Ukuthintela ukusasazeka kwayo, iCDC icebisa ukuba ikhethwe iyodwa kangangeentsuku ezili-10 emva kokuqala kweempawu kwaye de kungabikho fever-iiyure ezingama-24 ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amayeza anciphisa umkhuhlane, okoko zonke iimpawu ziphucukile .

Ezinxulumene: Oko sikwaziyo malunga ne-sequelae kunye neempawu ezi-COVID-19 eziqhubekayo

Ungazinyanga njani iimpawu zomkhuhlane

Emva kokufumana intsholongwane yomkhuhlane, akukho ndlela yakuyiphelisa ngokupheleleyo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, iya kuhamba ngokulula ikhosi. Nangona kunjalo, lukhona unyango oluza kunceda ukulawula kunye nokunciphisa iimpawu. Umzekelo:

• Amachiza antiviral: Kuba umkhuhlane sisifo sentsholongwane, amayeza amayeza antiviral anje Tamiflu (oseltamivir phosphate) kunye U-Relenza (zanamivir) inokunciphisa ixesha kunye nobukrakra beempawu zayo.
• Ukudambisa iintlungu ngaphezulu kwekhawuntareni: Ibuprofen , acetaminophen , kunye iqeqsha unokunciphisa iintlungu zemisipha kunye nokunciphisa umkhuhlane.
• I-OTC yomkhuhlane kunye nonyango lokukhwehlela: Ukukhwehlela kunye neyeza elibandayo njenge Ngomhla unokunciphisa ukukhwehlela, impumlo ebusayo, umqala obuhlungu, kunye nezinye iimpawu zomkhuhlane.
• Ulwelo: Inceda nge-hydration kwaye yaphula i-mucus, eyenza kube lula ukuyikhupha. Ukukhetha okuhle ngamanzi, iijusi zeziqhamo zokwenyani, iti, kunye neziselo zezemidlalo, kodwa thintela utywala okanye icaffeine egqithisileyo.
• Ukuphumla: Ivumela umzimba ukuba ugxile kumzimba wakho wokuzikhusela kwaye uncede ukunqanda ukwanda kokudinwa kunye neentlungu zomzimba. Ukuhlala ekhaya ungasebenzi okanye ukubandakanyeka eluntwini kuthintela intsholongwane.
• Humidifiers kunye nomphunga: Unokunciphisa impumlo exineneyo kunye nokukhohlela.
• Ukuxinana okubandayo kunye neebhafu zamanzi: Oku kuya kunceda ukulawula ubushushu bomzimba okanye ubuncinci ugcine umzimba imvakalelo kuhle.

Ndincoma ukuphumla kunye nokuhambisa amanzi kunye nolwelo olunama-electrolyte anje ngeGatorade okanye amanzi ecoconut, utshilo uShirin Peters, MD, umseki Ikliniki yaseBethany eManhattan. Ngomkhuhlane, ndincoma iTylenol. Ugqirha Peters ukwacebisa ukuzimela wedwa ekuqaleni kweempawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane kuba i-COVID-19 inokubonisa iimpawu ezifanayo kwaye inokubangela ukugula kakhulu okanye (kwezinye iimeko ezigabadeleyo) ukufa.

Nini ukuya kugqirha umkhuhlane

Kwiimeko ezininzi, umkhuhlane ubangela ukungonwabi kwiintsuku ezimbalwa kodwa ekugqibeleni uzisombulule ngokwawo kwiveki okanye njalo. Kodwa hayi rhoqo. Kweminye, umkhuhlane unokubangela ubomi bokusongela, ubunzima obunzima, njengoko kubonwa ngabantu abadala. ICDC iqikelela I-70% ukuya kwi-85% yokufa okunxulumene nomkhuhlane kuphakathi kwabantu abaneminyaka eyi-65 nangaphezulu. Nabani na omnye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zinto zilandelayo zomngcipheko weengxaki zomkhuhlane kufuneka atyelele umboneleli wezempilo ukukhusela izifo ezinzima okanye usulelo:

• Ukhulile kuneminyaka eyi-65
• Umncinci kuneminyaka emi-5 ubudala, ngakumbi ungaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala
• Ukukhulelwa
• Ukutyeba kakhulu
• Iimeko zonyango ezingapheliyo (i-asthma, i-cystic fibrosis, i-COPD, isifo senhliziyo, isifo sezintso, njl.
• Inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela (ukusuka kwi-HIV / AIDS okanye unyango oluthile lwe-immunosuppressant)

Ngaphandle koko, uninzi lwabantu lunokutshintsha imozulu ngesiqhwithi kude kube sekupheleni kweempawu. Ezinye iimpawu zibonisa imeko enzima ngakumbi kwaye ifuna ukhathalelo lonyango. NgokukaGqirha Peters, nabani na ofumana ezi mpawu zikaxakeka zilandelayo kufuneka abone ingcali:

• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• Isisu okanye iintlungu zesifuba okanye uxinzelelo
• Ukuqhubeka nesiyezi, ukudideka, okanye ukozela
• Intlungu ebuhlungu yemisipha
• Ubuthathaka obukhulu
• Umkhuhlane okanye ukukhohlela okuphucukileyo, emva koko ubuye
• Ukunyanzeliswa kweemeko zonyango ezingapheliyo
• Ukuhlutha
• Ukungabikho komchamo

Abantu abafumana ezi mpawu, ngakumbi ukuba bayinxalenye ye- abemi abasemngciphekweni omkhulu , kufuneka undwendwele umboneleli wezempilo ngokukhawuleza.

Okukwintsusa-iimpawu zomkhuhlane zinokuthintelwa

Asigwetywanga ukuhlala phantsi silinde ixesha lomkhuhlane ukuba lifike. Isitofu sokugonya somkhuhlane yindlela efanelekileyo yokuzikhusela kuso. Ngokuchasene neentsomi eziqhelekileyo, umkhuhlane uya kuthanda hayi nika umntu umkhuhlane . Endaweni yoko, iya kubangela ukwenziwa komzimba kwee-antibodies zokulwa umkhuhlane kunye nokunciphisa ubungqongqo bosulelo.

Ukudubula komkhuhlane akuyi kuthintela usulelo lwe-COVID-19 . Kodwa ngokukhusela ngokuchasene nomkhuhlane, iyakugcina intsholongwane enokuwenza buthathaka amajoni omzimba kwaye yenze ukuba umntu abe sesichengeni sokufumana ezinye izifo ezosulelayo, kubandakanya i-coronavirus. Ekugqibeleni, kungcono ukuyidlala ngokukhuselekileyo kwaye ufumane umkhuhlane.