Isikhokelo somzali kwiRSV

Imfundo yezeMpilo

Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo nokuthimla, iimpumlo ezibalekayo, namaqhuqhuva angachazekiyo — abantwana babonakala bengumazibuthe kwiintsholongwane. Kwisikhokelo somzali wethu kwizigulo zobuntwana, sithetha ngeempawu kunye nonyango lweemeko eziqhelekileyo. Funda uthotho olupheleleyo Apha .

Yintoni i-RSV? | Iimpawu | Uxilongo | Unyango | Uthintelo

Xa ndandikhulelwe umntwana wam wokuqala kwaye ndifunda lonke ulwazi malunga neentsana ezisandul 'ukuzalwa ndandinokufumana izandla zam, enye yokubukela izihloko ezatsala ingqalelo yam yayiyi-RSV. Kwimeko yam entsha yokuba ngumama omncinci, i-RSV yaba sisilo esilahlayo, ngakumbi nosana ngenxa ka-Februwari-kanye phakathi kwixesha le-RSV. Ndayazi ukuba kunokuba nzima kubantwana abancinci, kwaye ke entlokweni yam, yaba lutshaba inani lokuqala. Ngombulelo, xa ndigqithile ekuphenduleni kwe-visceral, ndiye ndafunda ukuba uninzi lwexesha, i-RSV ayisiyongozi. Ngapha koko, phantse bonke abantwana baya kuba benesifo esinye se-RSV ngexesha abafikelela kwiminyaka emi-2 ubudala, ngesiqhelo ngaphandle kwemiphumo emibi.

Yintoni i-RSV?

Intsholongwane yokuphefumla intsholongwane (RSV) yintsholongwane yokuphefumla edla ngokubangela ukuthamba, iimpawu ezibandayo , utsho Soma Mandal , MD, umfundi oqinisekiswe yibhodi kwiSummit Medical Group. Inokuba yingxaki kwiintsana nakubantu abadala abadala. Ngoyena nobangela uqhelekileyo webronchiolitis (ukudumba komoya omncinci wemiphunga) kunye ukukrala kwemiphunga kubantwana abangaphantsi konyaka omnye ubudala.

I-RSV ixhaphake kakhulu kwaye kakhulu iyasulela , isasazeka ngokulula kwiindawo ezifana namaziko okugcina abantwana kunye nezikolo. Umntu osulelekileyoihlala isasazeka nge-RSV iintsuku ezintathu ukuya kwezisibhozo , ngokutsho kwamaZiko okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo (CDC), kodwa ezinye iintsana kunye nabantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka banokuhlala besosulela ukuya kuthi ga kwiiveki ezine, nokuba abasenampawu.

Ngelixa kunokwenzeka ukubamba i-RSV ngalo naliphi na ixesha lonyaka, i-RSV ixhaphake kakhulu phakathi kokuwa kade nasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, malunga nexesha elifanayo ixesha lomkhuhlane .

Abantu bayo nayiphi na iminyaka bangayibamba i-RSV, kodwa uninzi lwabantu lusemngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana iingxaki. Iintsana nabantu abadala abadala, ngakumbi abo badala kune-65, basemngciphekweni [ophezulu] we-RSV, utshilo uGqirha Mandal. Abantu abadala abanesifo esinganyangekiyo sentliziyo okanye semiphunga okanye abo bangadibani namalungu omzimba bakumngcipheko othile. I-RSV ngamanye amaxesha ingazenza mandundu iimeko zabantu abane-asthma, i-COPD, kunye nokusilela kwentliziyo.

Imiba yomngcipheko weRSV kusana okanye kumntwana omncinci zibandakanya :

• Iintsana ngaphambi kwexesha, ngakumbi ngaphambi kweveki yama-29 yokukhulelwa
• Ubunzima bokuzalwa obuphantsi
• Umncinci kuneeveki ezili-12 ubudala ngexesha le-RSV
• Isifo esingapheliyo semiphunga sokungakhuli
• Amajoni omzimba abuthathaka (ngenxa yokugula okanye unyango)
• Ezinye iziphene zentliziyo
• Ukuba nabantakwabo (i-RSV inokudluliselwa ukusuka kubantwana abadala ukuya kwiintsana nakubantwana abancinci)
• Ukutshaya koomama ngexesha lokukhulelwa
• Ukubonakaliswa komsi wecuba
• Imbali ye-atopy (i-allergies / eczema)
• Ukungancancisi (ukuncancisa kudlulisa ii-antibodies ukusuka kumntu omkhulu kuye emntwaneni / emntwaneni)
• Ukuvezwa rhoqo kwamanani aphezulu abantu anje ngesimo sokhathalelo lwabantwana okanye iimeko zokuhlala ezixineneyo

Iimpawu ze-RSV

I-RSV ngokubanzi ibonakala ngathi yingqele eqhelekileyo, ngakumbi kubantu abadala nakubantwana abadala. Nangona iimpawu zidibana kunye neempawu ezithile ze-COVID-19, ayibangeli kukhwehlela okomileyo okanye ukulahleka kwevumba kunye nencasa. Iimpawu ze-RSV zibandakanya:

• Khohlela
• Impumlo egudileyo / egudileyo
• Ifiva
• Ukunciphisa ukutya
• Ngokuqhelekileyo ndiziva ndingaphilanga
• Umqala obuhkungu
• Intloko ebuhlungu

Uninzi lwabantu, iimpawu azizukuqhubela phambili kweli nqanaba. Kwezinye iintsana nabantwana, i-RSV inokukhokelela kwiimeko ezinobuzaza, ezinje nge-pneumonia (usulelo kunye nokudumba kweengxowa zomoya kwenye okanye yomibini imiphunga), i-bronchiolitis (i-mucus kwi-airways ephezulu naphantsi), okanye i-apnea (eyeka ukuphefumla).

Iimpawu ezinzulu zokusuleleka kwi-RSV ukuba zijongwe ziintsana nasebantwaneni, ukongeza kwiimpawu ezibandayo, zibandakanya :

• Ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza
• Ukuqhwanyaza kweempumlo
• Ukukhawuleza
• Intloko yokuqhawula ngokuphefumla
• Ukuncwina kwesingqi ngexesha lokuphefumla
• Ukuphefumla kwe-Belly, ukutsala phakathi kweembambo kunye / okanye ukutsala ngentamo esezantsi. (Ukuba ubambo luvalele ngaphakathi xa umntwana / umntwana ephefumla, esenza i-V yaphantsi phantsi kwentamo, kunzima ukuphefumla.)
• Unqumama ekuphefumleni

Ngaba kufuneka ndifune unyango kumntwana one-RSV?

Ngenxa yokuba i-RSV inokufana nengqele eqhelekileyo, kunokuba nzima ukufumanisa ukuba ukubekwa kukagqirha kubalulekile. Tsalela umnxeba umboneleli wakho wokuqala wezempilo ukuba umntwana wakho okanye umntwana :

• Ingaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-6 ubudala kwaye ineempawu ezibandayo
• Ngaba usemngciphekweni omkhulu we-RSV kwaye uneempawu ezibandayo
• Unengxaki yokutya, ukusela, okanye ukulala
• Kubonakala ngathi ugula kakhulu okanye uyangcangcazela
• Unomkhuhlane ophezulu (omkhulu kune-100.3 F ukuba ungaphantsi kweeveki ezine ubudala, okanye ngaphezulu kwe-100.9 F ngaphezu kweeveki ezine ubudala)
• Ulele kakhulu okanye akasebenzi
• Unesikhohlela esiya sisiba mandundu okanye sivelise i-mucus emthubi, eluhlaza okanye engwevu

I-RSV inokuba nzulu. I-RSV ngesiqhelo sisifo esiphakathi okanye esilinganiselweyo esingadingi kulaliswa esibhedlele, utsho IAshanti Woods , MD, ugqirha wabantwana kwiziko lonyango iMercy eBaltimore. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, zombini iimeko ezimodareyithayo nezinzima zinokufuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele, ngamanye amaxesha nakwindawo yokugcina abantu abagula kakhulu. Ukuba umntwana unengxaki yokuphefumla, loo mntwana unokufuna ukuba kufakwe ityhubhu emiphungeni yakhe ukuze ayincede ngokuphefumla. I-RSV inokuba yinto enzulu kwaye isongele nobomi kwezinye iimeko.

Funa unyango olukhawulezileyo / olungxamisekileyo ukuba ngaba umntwana wakho okanye umntwana:

• Unengxaki yokuphefumla, uphefumla ngokukhawuleza, okanye ucothe kakhulu
• Unqumama ekuphefumleni
• Ukozela kakhulu, udinisa, okanye unokwehla okukhulu kwimisebenzi kunye nokuphaphama
• Inemilebe, ulusu, ulwimi, okanye iinzipho ezibonakala ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye zingwevu ngombala
• Imiboniso iimpawu zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni (ukunciphisa ukuchama, indawo ethambileyo esentloko, umlomo owomileyo, iinyembezi ezimbalwa ngelixa ulila, njl.
• Unempawu zenyumoniya okanye i-bronchiolitis (jonga uluhlu lweempawu ezingasentla)
• Ukuba uyakholelwa ukuba umntwana / umntwana ufuna unyango kwangoko

Ngombulelo, ukungeniswa esibhedlele kwe-RSV akuqhelekanga — yi-3% kuphela yabantwana abane-RSV eya kufuna ukuhlala esibhedlele, kwaye uninzi lwabo bantwana luya emakhaya ngeentsuku nje ezimbalwa. Kunqabile ukuba umntwana ahlale kwigumbi lokhathalelo olunzulu lwabantwana (PICU).

Ifunyaniswa njani i-RSV?

I-RSV ihlala ichonga isifo, oko kuthetha ukuba ugqirha okanye umongikazi ufumana imbali kwisigulana kwaye wenza uvavanyo ukuze enze isifo, utshilo uGqirha Woods. I-RSV inokufunyanwa ngokuhlamba impumlo, okanye ukuqokelela i-mucus kwimpumlo yomntu okanye emqaleni kwaye uyithumele kwilebhu iya kuvavanywa.
Umboneleli wezempilo unokwenza i-X-ray esifubeni okanye olunye uvavanyo lweemeko ezinxulumene ne-RSV.

Unyango lwe-RSV

Uninzi losulelo lwe-RSV bahambe ngokwabo , ngesiqhelo kwiveki enye ukuya kwezimbini.

Unyango lwe-RSV ikakhulu luxhasa, olubandakanya ukubeka esweni rhoqo, kunye nolawulo lwamanzi kunye nenkxaso yokuphefumla njengoko kufuneka, utshilo uGqirha Mandal.

Ngokufanelekileyo, i-hydration inikwa ngomlomo kwaye kunqabile ukuba i-IV ifuneke. Iintsana nabantwana abadala kuneenyanga ezi-6, ifiva inokulawulwa nge amayeza eekhawuntareni njenge Yimbi , Imotrin (ibuprofen ), okanye UTylenol (acetaminophen ). Sukusebenzisa iasprini, njengoko inxulunyaniswa nayo Isifo sikaReye kubantwana abanezifo zentsholongwane.

Olunye unyango ekhaya lubandakanya:

• Ukusebenzisa i-humidifier epholileyo (ungaze usebenzise i-humidifier efudumeleyo okanye eshushu, eyingozi yokutsha).
• Ukunika ulwelo oluninzi (ubisi lwebele okanye ubisi olungumgubo kuphela lweentsana ezingaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-6. Amanzi okanye iPedialyte, ukongeza kubisi lwebele okanye ubisi olungumgubo (ukuba luyasebenza), lweentsana nabantwana ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezi-6.)
• Ukuthambisa nokususa impumlo kwiintsana kunye nabantwana abancinci kakhulu ukuba bangavuthela iimpumlo zabo ngetyuwa (amanzi anetyuwa) kunye nesirinji yebhalbhu.

Kukho iimeko ezimbalwa apho unyango lokuphefumla lunokunikezelwa, utshilo uGqirha Woods. Amayeza asetyenziselwa uhlaselo lwesifuba njenge albuterol okanye ii-steroids zihlala zingasebenzi kunyango lwe-RSV, nangona ngamanye amaxesha zisetyenziswa kwiimeko apho isigulana sisaziwa njenge-asthmatic.

Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, uncedo lokuphefumla olufana neoksijini lunokunikwa, okanye intubation (ityhubhu efakwe ezantsi emqaleni kwindlela yomoya, ngokuphefumla incedwa ngumatshini) kunokuba yimfuneko.

Uthintelo lweRSV

I-RSV iyosulela kakhulu. Njengokubanda okuqhelekileyo, i-RSV isasazeka ngamathontsi (amathe, i-mucus, ukuphuma kwempumlo) ukusuka emntwini kuye emntwini (ngokukhohlela, ukuthimla, ukutshica), kunye nokunxibelelana neendawo ezingcolileyo ze-RSV. I-RSV inokuphila kwiindawo ezinjengeethoyi kunye neebhokhwe zomnyango kangangeeyure ezintandathu.

Eyona ndlela yokuthintela ukusasazeka kwe-RSV (kunye nezinye izifo ezosulelayo) kukuziqhelanisa nococeko olufanelekileyo.

• Hlamba izandla rhoqo nangokucokisekileyo ngesepha namanzi afudumeleyo ubuncinci imizuzwana engama-20, ngakumbi ngaphambi kokuchukumisa iintsana, ukupheka, okanye ukutya, nasemva kokuthimla / ukukhohlela, okanye ukutshintsha amanabukeni. I-RSV inokuhlala kwizandla ezingahlanjwanga ubuncinci imizuzu engama-30.
• Coca uze ubulale iintsholongwane kwizinto ezisetyenziswa rhoqo.
• Hlamba izinto zokudlala zomntwana kunye nezabantwana rhoqo.
• Musa ukwabelana ngezinto ezifana ne-pacifiers, iitawuli, izixhobo zokusika, iikomityi, njl.
• Khubaza ukumanga umntwana.
• Qinisekisa ukuba umntwana wakho kunye nawo onke amalungu osapho ahlaziyiwe ngogonyo oluqhelekileyo, kubandakanya nogonyo lonyaka lomkhuhlane.

Ukuphepha ukunxibelelana nabo banokusasaza i-RSV kubalulekile, ngakumbi kwabo basemngciphekweni omkhulu.

• Gcina abo basemngciphekweni omkhulu kude kuye nabani na oneempawu ezifana nokubanda
• Nciphisa ukubhencwa kosana lwakho kwisihlwele
• Ukuba kuyenzeka, thintela amaziko okhathalelo lwabantwana elinabantwana abaninzi kwixesha lokuqala lasebusika lomntwana

Kuyenzeka ukuba ubambe i-RSV ngaphezulu kwesihlandlo esinye, nokuba kukwangelo xesha linye, ke la manyathelo kufuneka athathwe kunye nawo wonke umntu, kubandakanya abantwana abasempilweni kunye nabantwana abakhe bosulelwa yi-RSV ngaphambili.

Okwangoku akukho ntsholongwane yamkelekileyo yeRSV nje ukuba isigulana sinayo, utshilo uGqirha Woods. Kukho isitofu sokugonya (i-Palivizumab) esifumanekayo kwizigulana ezisemngciphekweni omkhulu kubandakanya abantwana abazalwe ngaphambi kwexesha kakhulu (ngesiqhelo iiveki ezilishumi okanye nangaphezulu ngaphambi komhla wabo obekiweyo) onikwa kwangexesha le-RSV ukubathintela ekufumaneni. Umboneleli wezempilo unokumisela ukuba ngaba eli yeza (inaliti ezininzi) liyacetyiswa kwizigulana ezithile njengenyathelo lokuthintela. Kukho kakhulu Iikhrayitheriya ezingqongqo kolu nyango kuba lubiza kakhulu kwaye ii-inshurensi zisebenzisa ezi nqobo ukumisela ukugubungela.

Ngelixa i-RSV inokoyikisa kwaye kufuneka ithathwe ngokungathí sina kakhulu, kuyathuthuzela ukwazi ukuba kuninzi lwabantwana, ayenzi ngxaki. Ziqhelanise neendlela zokuthintela ukukhusela abona basesichengeni phakathi kwethu, ujonge ezo zigodlo, kwaye ugcine ezo zandla zicocekile!